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biology > biology unit 1 > Flashcards

biology unit 1 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

provide an example of eubacteria

A

salmonella, e. coli

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2
Q

provide an example of archaea

A

thermophiles, halophiles

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3
Q

provide an example of protista

A

kelp, algae, amoeba

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4
Q

provide an example of fungi

A

yeast, mushrooms, mould

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5
Q

provide an example of plantae

A

grass, moss, ferns,

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6
Q

provide an example of animalia

A

sponges, insects, mammals

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7
Q

are eubacteria unicellular or multicellular?

A

unicellular

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8
Q

are archaea unicellular or multicellular?

A

unicellular

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9
Q

are protists unicellular or multicellular?

A

mostly unicellular but some multicellular

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10
Q

are fungi unicellular or multicellular?

A

mostly multicellular only yeast is unicellular

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11
Q

mode of nutrition - eubacteria

A

autotrophic/heterotrophic

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12
Q

mode of nutrition - archaea

A

autotrophic/heterotrophic

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13
Q

mode of nutrition - protista

A

autotrophic/heterotrophic

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14
Q

mode of nutrition - fungi

A

heterotrophic

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15
Q

mode of nutrition - plantae

A

autotrophic

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16
Q

mode of nutrition - animalia

A

heterotrophic

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17
Q

reproduction - eubacteria

A 
Mostly asexual (binary fission)
sexual through conjugation
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18
Q

reproduction - archaea

A 
Mostly asexual (binary fission)
sexual through conjugation
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19
Q

reproduction - protista

A

Unicellular - asexual binary fis. sexual - conj..

Multicellular - alteration of generations

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20
Q

reproduction - fungi

A

Asexual - fragmentation

Sexual: spore formation/production

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21
Q

reproduction - plantae

A

Asexually and sexually

alteration of generations

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22
Q

reproduction - animalia

A

sexually ONLY

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23
Q

habitat - eubacteria

A

Everywhere and anywhere

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24
Q

habitat - archaea

A

Extreme environments (acidic, hot)

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25
Q

habitat - protista

A

mostly aquatic

26
Q

habitat - fungi

A

Terrestrial

27
Q

habitat - plantae

A

Aquatic/ terrestrial

28
Q

habitat - animalia

A

Aquatic/ terrestrial

29
Q

do eubacteria have a cell wall, if so what is it made of?

A

yes, made of peptidoglycan

30
Q

do archaea have a cell wall, if so, what is it made of?

A

yes, not made with peptidoglycan

31
Q

do protists have a cell wall?

A

yes but only some

32
Q

do fungi have a cell wall, if so, what is it made of?

A

yes, cell wall with chitin

33
Q

do plantae have a cell wall?

A

yes, (cellulose)

34
Q

do animalia have a cell wall, if so, what is it made of?

A

no cell wall

35
Q

what is the first level of taxonomy?

A

domain

36
Q

what is the second level of taxonomy?

A

kingdom

37
Q

what is the third level of taxonomy?

A

phylum

38
Q

what is the fourth level of taxonomy?

A

class

39
Q

what is the fifth level of taxonomy?

A

order

40
Q

what is the sixth level of taxonomy?

A

family

41
Q

what is the seventh level of taxonomy?

A

genus

42
Q

what is the eighth level of taxonomy?

A

species

43
Q

name all levels of taxonomy

A

domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

44
Q

how do you write scientific names when typing? in handwriting?

A

when typing you must capitalize the first word ONLY, and italicize both words. when handwriting, you must capitalize the first word ONLY and underline both words

45
Q

who is the father of taxonomy?

A

Carl Linnaeus

46
Q

how did the father of taxonomy categorize all living things?

A

He was able to categorize all living things based on shared physical characteristics.

47
Q

do protista have a nucleus?

A

yes, all eukaryotes have a nucleus

48
Q

do fungi have a nucleus?

A

yes, all eukaryotes have a nucleus

49
Q

do plantae have a nucleus?

A

yes, all eukaryotes have a nucleus

50
Q

do animalia have a nucleus?

A

yes, all eukaryotes have a nucleus

51
Q

do eubacteria have a nucleus?

A

no, only eukaryotes have a nucleus

52
Q

do archaea have a nucleus?

A

no, only eukaryotes have a nucleus

53
Q

what are the three main domains?

A

eukarya , eubacteria and archaea

54
Q

which kingdoms are prokaryotes?

A

eubacteria and archaea

55
Q

which kingdoms are eukaryotes?

A

fungi, protista, animalia and plantae

56
Q

what kingdom is known for living in extreme environments?

A

Kingdom Archaea

57
Q

which kingdoms are only autotrophic?

A

Kingdom Plantae

58
Q

which kingdoms are both autotrophic and heterotrophic?

A

eubacteria, archaea, protista,

59
Q

which kingdom can only reproduce sexually?

A

Kingdom Animalia

60
Q

Describe how Eukaryotic cells evolved using the Endosymbiotic Theory.

A

The endosymbiotic theory proposes that a large prokaryotic cell engulfed aerobic bacteria and cyanobacteria (they remained intact and were not fully digested). The aerobic bacteria became mitochondria and the cyanobacteria became chloroplasts. These membrane-bound organelles were the beginnings of a eukaryotic cell.

Evidence that suggests this:

  • aerobic bacteria depend on oxygen, mitochondria uses oxygen to make ATP in the form of usable energy
  • cyanobacteria goes through photosynthesis, chloroplasts are where photosynthesis occurs
  • mitochondria and cyanobacteria both have their own sets of DNA

biology (5 decks)

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