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Microbio II Exam 2 > Respiratory > Flashcards

Respiratory Flashcards

1
Q

basidiomycosis

cause

A

shrooms- coprinus and schizophylum

inhalation

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2
Q

basidiomycosis

ss

A

chronic lung lesions
meningitis
endocarditis following allergic reactions
(found in people that work OUTSIDE)

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3
Q

cheese washer

cause and ss

A

penicilum

skin rashes and resp problems

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4
Q

farmers lung cause and path

A

aspergillus or pénicillium
increased levels of igG* due to inhalation of hay with these spores

creates (type 3 allergic rxn)

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5
Q

farmers lung ss

A

acute symptoms of airway obstruction

shallow breathing, cough fibrotic deposits infiltrates and granulomas

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6
Q

lycoperdonosis cause and ss

A

lycoperdon or calvatia

cough and pneumonia

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7
Q

malt workers

A

allergic rxn to moldy barley containing aspergillus

cough and pneumonia

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8
Q

maple bark

A

bark of maple trees containing cryptostroma cortical

chronic cough

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9
Q

mushroom growrs

A

pleurotus

cough and labored breathing

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10
Q

pneumocystosis

A

pneumocystis jiroveci

opportunistic yeast

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11
Q

pneumocystosis
epi

target*

A

wordwide
human flora and rodents

affects IMMUNOCOMPROMISED People

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12
Q

pneumocystosis

path

A

multiply in lung tissue
form membrane around granulomas with an exudate

oxygen exchange is reduced, consolidation of the lungs

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13
Q

pneumocystosis

immunity

A

protective for immunoCOMPETENT peeps!!

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14
Q

pneumocystosis

ss

A

cough chest pain congestion anorexia SOB weight loss in immunocompromised people
cotton wool spots in retina

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15
Q

pneumocystosis

dx

A

thick walled crescent shaped cysts with internal bodies

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16
Q

pneumocystosis

tx

A

Cotrimoxazole

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17
Q

Aspergillosis

cause

A

aspergillus species (1500 types)

opportunistic mold

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18
Q

Aspergillosis
epi

transmission

A

worldwide

implantation of fomites, inhalation, ingestion p2p contact

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19
Q

Aspergillosis

path

A

causes pyogenic suppuration and necrosis and release of fungal endotoxins
granulation of tissue makes edema accesses thrombosis and infarctions

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20
Q

Aspergillosis

ss

A

athsma bronchitis
fungus balls* necrotizing pneumonia
headache fever dyspnea edema hemoptysis and pleuritic chest pain

disseminated:
proptosis nasal swellings
growths on heat valves, lesions on skin brain liver and kidney etc

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21
Q

Aspergillosis

dx

A

conidial structures or acute angle branching* in stained sputum

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22
Q

Aspergillosis

tx

A

amphotericin B

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23
Q

Aspergillosis
target

virulence affected by

A

its common in people who are IMMUNOSUPPRESED who have neutropenia or are in antibiotics

has dsRNA myxoviruses that represses formation of toxins

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24
Q

Geotrichosis

cause

A

Geotrichum candidum

monomorphic mold

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25
Q

Geotrichosis
epi
transmission

A

worldwide

transmission via inhalation of arthrospores
person to person

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26
Q

Geotrichosis

path

A

development of masses of necrotic foci

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27
Q

Geotrichosis

ss

A

diffuse lesions in lungs, bronchitis

oral-> thrush

GI***-> Colitis

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28
Q

Geotrichosis

dx

A

septate hyphae with arthorspores in exudates

29
Q

Geotrichosis

tx

A

ketoconazole

30
Q

Mucormycosis
epi
transmission

A

worldwide soil fruit grain
transmission via implantation of spore contaminated fomites, inhalation of patients who are immunocompromised (like diabetics or transplants recipients)

31
Q

Mucormycosis

path

A

invade blood vessels-> causing necrosis thrombosis and infarction
cause loss of arterial blood supply -> forming microabcesses and lesions become rubbery

32
Q

Mucormycosis

ss

A

fever dyspnea bronchitis pneumonia hemoptysis, bacterial proptosis, swelling of the brain

cutaneous is often seen in burn patients
CNS-> head trauma

33
Q

Mucormycosis

dx

A

broad branching non peptide with right angle branching

34
Q

Mucormycosis

tx

A

amphothericin B

35
Q

Hyalohyphomycosis

cause

A

acremonium
fusarium
penicilium
scopulariopsis

(mono opp mold)

36
Q

Hyalohyphomycosis
epi
transmission

A

saprophytes all over world

inhalation, ingestion or person to person contact

37
Q

Hyalohyphomycosis

path

A

mold secrete toxins, invade tissue producing thrombosis and infarctions

38
Q

Hyalohyphomycosis

ss

A

granulomas/ abcesses-> pulmonary, cerebral, cut, GI, ocular

39
Q

Hyalohyphomycosis

dx*

A

Darkly pigmented conidia in Vitro
lightly pigmented hyphae in Tissue

large branching septate
combination of findings for

40
Q

Hyalohyphomycosis

tx

A

amphoterixin B

(resistance to itraconazole)`

41
Q

Blastomycosis

cause

A

blastomyces derm

PATHOGENIC dimorphic fungus

42
Q

Blastomycosis
epi
transmission

A

Central and Southeastern US
Africa Asia

implantation/ inhalation of spores

found in other animals but not transmitted by animals

43
Q

Blastomycosis

path

A

yeast multiply and form pyrogenic access
lesions develop in granulomatous caseous areas that CALCIFY

crab claw shadow*

44
Q

Blastomycosis

ss

A

dry cough chills pleuritic pain pneumonia sore throat myalgia fever and wt loss

osseous-> osteomyelitis or septic arthritis
systemic-> multiple organ systems

45
Q

Blastomycosis **

dx

A

Large BROAD based budding yeast ce;;s

46
Q

Blastomycosis

tx

A

ketoconazole

47
Q

coccidioidomycosis

cause

A

coccidiodes immitis

pathogenic Dimorphic fungus

48
Q

coccidioidomycosis
epi
transmission
aka

A

Arid and semi arid regions of South West UT and central and South America

(aka valley fever)
transmission via inhalation of arthrospores
(its found in animals but we can’t get it from them)

49
Q

coccidioidomycosis

path

A

suppurative neutrophils that have endospores become necrotic-> form granulomas
form cavities and scar

50
Q

coccidioidomycosis

immunity

A

YES

51
Q

coccidioidomycosis

ss

A

asymptomatic or fever chills headache pleuritic pain cough

allergic-> toxic eruptions aka desert bumps dorm

52
Q

coccidioidomycosis

dx

A

thin walled spherules with endospores

53
Q

coccidioidomycosis
tx
ab titerS?

A

amphotericin B

increase of ab titers== tx is not working

54
Q

Histoplasmosis

cause

A

histoplasmosis capsulatum and duboisii

pathogenic dimorphic fungi

55
Q

Histoplasmosis
epi
transmission

A

Capsulatum: worldwide-> but lots in ohiomissisipi valley in US

Duboissi: africa and asia

found un bird and bat guano via inhalation of fungal spores

56
Q

Histoplasmosis

path

A

granulomas form

lesions inside macros and monos-> disseminate the disease

57
Q

Histoplasmosis

immunity

A

partial

58
Q

Histoplasmosis

ss

A

summer fever-> chills headache chest pain

severe-> fever cough sob wt loss malaise

59
Q

Histoplasmosis

dx

A

cells containing extra or intra oval yeasts with bud scars and thin walls

also thermally dimorphic

60
Q

Histoplasmosis

tx

A

amphotericin C

increased titers -> drugs not working

61
Q

paragonimiasis

cause

A

paragonumus

lung fluke-> Trematode

62
Q

paragonimiasis

epi

A

Asia africa and america

human crab and non human mammals

63
Q

paragonimiasis

how do we get sick

A

live in our lungs

  • from ingested metarceria in infected raw or undercooked crabs
64
Q

paragonimiasis

life cycle

A

live in lungs of humans where eggs are releases- coughed or swallowed

the miracidia hatch and develop in cercaria in snails -> which then penetrate crayfish and develop into metarceria

we eat the metarceria and they live in our peritoneum and duodenum and then go to our lungs and mature

65
Q

paragonimiasis

path

A

lung lesions caused by adult flukes or toxic substances -> forming cysts around the parasite

if the cysts rupture they can release their contents and calcify

66
Q

paragonimiasis

immunity

A

none

67
Q

paragonimiasis

ss

A

pleurisy sob dyspnea fever wheezing hemoptysis

68
Q

paragonimiasis

dx

A

thick shelled eggs with shoulders*

in rusty sputum or fecal concentrations

69
Q

paragonimiasis

tx

A

praziquantel

Microbio II Exam 2 (7 decks)

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