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Microbio II Exam 2 > GI system Fungi and Protozoa > Flashcards

GI system Fungi and Protozoa Flashcards

1
Q

aflatoxicosis

cause

A

aspergillus flavus growing on peanuts wheat makes aflatoxin b

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2
Q

aflatoxicosis

ss

A

abd pain pulmonary edema fatty filtration

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3
Q

mycetismus Gastroeniestinalis

cause

A

eating Boletus Entoloma Lactarius Lepiota Rusula shrooms

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4
Q

mycetismus Gastroeniestinalis

ss

A

nausea vomiting diarrhea

36-72 hours-> death

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5
Q

mycetismus choleriformis

cause

A

Eating Amanita and galerina mushrooms

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6
Q

mycetismus choleriformis

ss

A

vomiting diarrhea 6-24 hours after ingestion

dehydration muscle cramps coma salivation and death

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7
Q

alimentary toxic aleukia

cause

A

eating Fusarium nygamai in prosoliment and wheat

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8
Q

alimentary toxic aleukia

path

A

produces formorisin-> which causes hematopoietic system to malfunction ->
causing total atrophy of the bone marrow
agranulocytosis and sepsis

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9
Q

alimentary toxic aleukia

ss

A

inflammation of mouth diarrhea vomiting anemia fever leukopenia and accesses in lungs

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10
Q

amoebiasis

cause

A

entamoeba hystolitica

protozoa

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11
Q

amoebiasis
epi
transmission

A

worldwide
transmission via period of cyst passing
fecal oral route

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12
Q

amoebiasis

life cycle

A

ingestion of cysts-> amoebas and invade mucous of large intestine
they develop into cysts and pass out in poop

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13
Q

amoebiasis

path

A

produce a cytolytic and hystotoxic toxin -> erodes mucosal surface of the large intestine

ulcerative flask shaped lesions

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14
Q

amoebiasis

immunity

A

none

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15
Q

amoebiasis

ss

A

fever bloody diarrhea leukocytosis anemia nausea vomiting abdominal pain

resp- chest pain and couch
smelly conjunctivitis

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16
Q

amoebiasis
dx

differentiated from?

A

amoebas in exudate or feces: that have central karyosome or cysts with 1-4 nuclei

diff: entamoeba dispar

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17
Q

amoebiasis

tx

A

metronidazole- amoebic stages

diloxanide furoate- cyst stage

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18
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea

cause

A

dientamoeba fragilis

protozoa

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19
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea
epi
transmission

A

worldwide human mammal

transmission is unknown -> thought to be in direct contact by feces

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20
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea

life cycle

A

ingested and passed out in feces
nematode (enberobius vermicularis) carries the amoeba stage

no cyst development

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21
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea

path

A

amoebas move by pseudopodia and irritate the mucosa or large intestine-> excess mucus secretion and hyper motility

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22
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea

ss

A

n/v abdominal pain or fibrosis of appendix

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23
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea

dx

A

round amoebas with two nuclei in smears of fecal concetration

in swell-> they exhibit brownian movement

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24
Q

dientamoeba diarrhea

tx

A

metronidazole

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25
blastocytosis | cause
Blastocystis hominis | protozoa
26
blastocytosis epi transmission
worldwide human and mammals transmission via ingestion of contaminated cysts
27
blastocytosis | life cycle
we eat the cysts they develop in large intestines into amoeba reproduce via binary fission-> and make cysts that are passed in feces
28
blastocytosis | path
no clinical disease but it can if it invades the mucosa eats the poopy low virulence
29
blastocytosis | ss
JUST DIARRHEA
30
blastocytosis | dx
round cysts with a large vacuole surrounded by dark staining nuclei with a thick slime capsule
31
blastocytosis | tx
metronidazole
32
cryptosporidiosis | cause
cryptosporidium par vim | protozoa
33
cryptosporidiosis epi transmission
worldwide human mammal transmission by fecal oocyst contaminated food water
34
cryptosporidiosis | life cycle
oocysts-> sporozoites prior to ingestion sporozoites-> form intracellular schizonts in small intestine-> merozoiites are released merozoites invase intestinal mucosa and then form oocytes that are passed down in feces
35
cryptosporidiosis | path
small intestine is invaded-> malabsorption impaired digestion can be carried to gall bladder causing dilatation of hepatic bile ducts auto infection can occur?
36
cryptosporidiosis | ss
acute/ chronic watery diarrhea cramping nausea vomiting fever flatulence myalgia dehydration gastroenteritis occurs-> but its fatal in immunocompromised patient
37
cryptosporidiosis | dx
4-6 micron oocysts | with 4 pyriform shaped nuclei in acid fast stained smears
38
cryptosporidiosis | tx
paromonycyn with dehydration therapy | normally its a self limiting disease-> that doesn't require tx
39
Cyclosporiasis | cause
Cyclospora cayetanensis | protozoa
40
Cyclosporiasis epi transmission
worldwide human birds and reptiles transmission via drinking water or eating stuff washed with dirty water
41
Cyclosporiasis who gets it whats cool about this buggo
immunocompromised are most at risk it dies when its desiccated
42
Cyclosporiasis | life cycle
we eat poopy water repeated intracellular divisions of sporozoites by binary fission (schizogony) oocytes are formed when intestinal cells die and they are passed in feces and become infective for humans
43
Cyclosporiasis | path
oocysts release sporozoites which are intracellular infections of the cells lining the small intestine-> cause inflammation villous blunting food malabsorption and eating
44
Cyclosporiasis | ss
watery diarrhea fever chills myalgia join [ain headache fatigue anorexia malaise wt loss abdominal cramps you can be an asymptomatic secreter of oocysts
45
Cyclosporiasis | dx
glassy wrinkled spherical oocysts in acid fast stained fecal smears from infected people
46
Cyclosporiasis | tx
trimethorpin sulfamethoxazole | self limiting in immunocompetent people
47
isosporiasis | cause
isospora Belli | protozoa
48
isosporiasis epi transmission
worlwide HUMANS are the only definitive hosts ingestion of contaminated water or food
49
isosporiasis | life cycle
oocytes ingested sporozytes liberated and form intracellular schizonts in mucossa merozoites are released and continue to invade the intestinal mucosal oocysts form and passed out in feces
50
isosporiasis | path
sporozoite colonization results in flattening of the mucosa of the small intestine leads to malabsorption due to hypertrophied crypts also extra intestinal cysts in liver spleen lymph nodes
51
isosporiasis | immunity
protective immunity
52
isosporiasis | ss
fever malaise watery diarrhea wt loss malabsorption abdominal pain
53
isosporiasis | dx
ovoid sporulated oocysts with two layered walls in fecal concentrations
54
isosporiasis | tx
trimethorpin sulfamethoxazole | self limiting disease in immunocompetent people
55
giardiasis | cause
giardia lamblia | protozoan
56
giardiasis epi transmission
worldwide human mammal transmission ingestion of cysts of food and oral intercourse
57
giardiasis | stats
most common diagnosed intestinal parasite in the US and found in outbreaks in children in day care centers
58
giardiasis | life cycle
we ingest cysts-> exist in flagellated trophozoites reproducing cousins path
59
giardiasis | path
flagellated trophozoites don't invade the mucosa-> they eat the mucous secretions via sucking disk also act as barrier for lipid absorption so more fat in the poop inflammation of gallbladder
60
giardiasis | ss
anorexia nausea vomiting steatorrhea: greasy diarrhea abdominal pain fatigue and wt loss
61
giardiasis | dx
flagellated trophozoites with two nuclei or cysts containing 2 organisms 4 nuclei axostyles are seen in stained preparations of poop or duodenal aspirates
62
giardiasis | tx
metronidazole
63
Balantidiasis | cause
balantidium coli | protozoa
64
Balantidiasis epi transmission hosts
worldwide humans and swine eating contaminated food or water
65
Balantidiasis | life cycle
humans ingest cysts ciliated trophozoites are released from cysts and invade mucosa invade epithelium that is low in starch and secrete hyaluronidase causing hemorrhage and ulcerations
66
Balantidiasis | path
ciliated trophozoites invade submucosa of colon-> forming large ulcers and abcesses can cause hepatitis pneumonia or myocarditis
67
Balantidiasis | immunity
NO
68
Balantidiasis | ss
severe bloody diarrhea | colitis nausea vomiting ab pain
69
Balantidiasis | dx
ciliated ovoid trophozoites | cysts- containing kidney shaped Macronuclei i in poopy preps
70
Balantidiasis | tx
tetracycline | sx in severe cases
71
Microsporidiosis cause which one causes ocular / gi infections
microsporidia species (protozoan) ocular- nosema and vittaforma GI- enteroocytozoon
72
Microsporidiosis epi transmission mainly occurs in?
worldiewde- fish birds insects humans mainly occurs in immunosuppressed people as an opportunistic pathogen**
73
Microsporidiosis | life cycle
inhale spores ingest or transplacental they inject their cytoplasm into enterocytes in small intestine merits form via binary and multiple fission-> spread to cell merits transform into sporonts that develop into sportoblasts that metamorphose into spores
74
Microsporidiosis | path
intestinal villi infected atrophy fusion of cells and infiltration of lamina proper by abc infects all the things: liver kidney gallbladder urinary bladder
75
Microsporidiosis | immunity
partial
76
Microsporidiosis | ss
watery diarrhea | poor appetite wt loss abdominal paine n/v keratitis and pneumonitis
77
Microsporidiosis | dx
small spores with central waistbands | with a coiled polar tubule and two nuclei inside the spore body
78
Microsporidiosis | tx
albendazole for intesitnal | fumagilin - ocular

Microbio II Exam 2 (7 decks)

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