Respiratory Flashcards
Reversible H1 inhibitors
(3)
Allergy, motion sickness, sleep aid
SE: sedation, antimuscarinic, anti-alpha-adrenergic
1st gen H1 blockers
Diphenhydramine, dimenhydrinate, chlorpheniramine
Reversible H1 inhibitors
(4)
Allergy
2nd gen H1 blockers
Loratadine, fexofenadine, desloratadine, cetirizine
Very polar, do not cross BBB = no sedation
Beta-2 agonist
Bronchial SM relaxation
Acute asthma
Albuterol
Beta-2 agonists (2)
Long-acting asthma prophylaxis
SE: tremor, arrhythmia
Salmeterol, formoterol
Inhibits phosphodiesterase
(Decreased cAMP hydrolysis)
Asthma
Narrow therapeutic index: cardiotoxic, neurotoxic
Blocks actions of adenosine
Theophylline
Competitive muscaric blocker
Asthma, COPD
Ipratropium
Inhibit cytokine synthesis
Inactivate NF-kappaB (induces TNf-alpha)
Chronic asthma (first-line)
Corticosteroids
Beclomethasone, fluticasone
Blocks leukotriene receptors
Asthma, aspirin-induced asthma
Montelukast, zafirlukast
5-lipoxygenase pathway inhibitor
(blocks conversion of arachidonic acid to leukotrienes)
Zileuton
Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody
Allergic asthma
(that is resistant to steroids, beta-2 agonists)
Omalizumab
Thins respiratory secretions
Does not suppress cough reflex
Guaifenesin
Mucolytic
Loosens mucus plugs in cystic fibrosis
Antidote for acetaminophen OD
N-acetylcysteine
Competitive endothelin-1 receptor antagonist
Pulmonary arterial HTN
Bosentan
Antitussive (cough)
codeine analog
Mild abuse potential
Dextromethorphan
OD- naloxone
Sympathomimetic alpha-agonists
Reduce hyperemia, edema, nasal congestion,
open eustachian tubes
SE: HTN, CNS stimulation/anxiety
Pseudoephrine, phenylephrine
