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Step 1 Pharm > Classic Treatments > Flashcards

Classic Treatments Flashcards

1
Q

Abscence seizures

A

Ethosuximide

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2
Q

Acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine

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3
Q

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

All-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

Methylphenidate, amphetamines

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5
Q

Alcohol abuse

A

AA + disulfiram

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6
Q

Alcohol withdrawal

A

Benzodiazepines

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7
Q

Anorexia

A

SSRIs

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8
Q

Anticoagulation during pregnancy

A

Heparin

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9
Q

Arrhythmia (damaged tissue)

A

Class IB antiarrhythmic

(lidocaine, mexiletine, tocainide)

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10
Q

B12 deficiency

A

Vit B12 supplement

+

Shilling test

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11
Q

Benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Tamsulosin, finasteride

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12
Q

Bipolar disorder

A

Mood stabilizers

(lithium, valproate, carbamazepine, lamotrigine)

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13
Q

Breast cancer (post-menopausal)

A

Aromatase inhibitor

(anastrozole)

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14
Q

Buerger’s disease

A

Smoking cessation

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15
Q

Bulimia

A

SSRIs

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16
Q

Candida albicans (systemic)

A

Amphotericin B

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17
Q

Candida albicans (oral, esophageal)

A

Nystatin

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18
Q

Carcinoid syndrome

A

Ocreotide

(somatostatin analog)

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19
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis

(adults, infants)

A

Doxycycline

(+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection)

Erythromycin eye drops (infant prophylaxis)

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20
Q

Chronic gout

A

Probenecid (underexcretor)

Allopurinol (overproducer)

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21
Q

Chronic hepatitis

A

IFN-alpha

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22
Q

Chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

Imatinib

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23
Q

Clostridium botulinum

A

Botulin antitoxin

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24
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Metronidazole (acute)

Vancomycin (refractory)

(+ fecal transplant)

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25
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

tetanus antitoxin

+

vaccine booster

+

diazepam

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26
Q

Crohn’s disease

A

Corticosteroids, infliximab

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27
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans

A

Fluconazole

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28
Q

Cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis

A

Mesna

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29
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

N-acetylcysteine

+

antipseudomonal prophylaxis (tobramycin, azithromycin)

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30
Q

Cytomegalovirus

A

Ganciclovir

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31
Q

Depression

A

SSRIs

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32
Q

Diabetes insipidus

A

Desmopressin (central)

hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)

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33
Q

Diabetes mellitus type I

A

Dietary intervention (low-sugar)

+

insulin replacement

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34
Q

Diabetes mellitus type II

A

Dietary intervention

+

oral hypoglycemics

+

insulin (possible)

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35
Q

Diabetic ketoacidosis

A

Fluids, insulin, K+

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36
Q

Enterococci

A

Vancomycin/ampicillin

+

aminoglycoside

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37
Q

Erectile dysfunction

A

sildenafil, vardenafil

38
Q

Estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer

39
Q

Ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication

A

Fomepizole

(alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)

40
Q

Haemophilus influenzae B

(prophylaxis)

A

Rifampin

(throat carriage prophylaxis)

41
Q

Generalized anxiety disorder

42
Q

Heparin toxicity (acute)

A

Protamine sulfate

43
Q

HER2/neu-positive breast cancer

A

Trastuzumab

44
Q

Hyperaldosteronism

A

Spironolactone

45
Q

Hypercholesterolemia

A

Statin (first-line)

46
Q

Hypertriglyceridemia

47
Q

Immediate anticoagulation

48
Q

Long-term anticoagulation

49
Q

Malaria

A

Chloroquine/mefloquine

(blood schizont)

Primaquine

(liver hypnozoite)

50
Q

Infertility

A

Leuprolide

+

GnRH (pulsatile)

51
Q

Influenza

A

Rimantadine, oseltamivir

52
Q

Legionella pneumophila

A

Erythromycin

53
Q

Malignant hyperthermia

A

Dantrolene

54
Q

Medical abortion

A

Mifepristone

55
Q

Migraine

A

Sumatriptan

56
Q

MRSA

A

Vancomycin

57
Q

Multiple Sclerosis

A

beta-interferon, immunosuppression, natalizumab

58
Q

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

RIPE

(rifampin, INH, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)

59
Q

Neisseria gonorrheae

A

Ceftriaxone

(+ doxycycline for concurrent Chlamydia)

60
Q

Neisseria meningitidis

A

Penicillin/ceftriaxone

rifampin (prophylaxis)

61
Q

Neural tube defect

(prevention)

A

Prenatal folic acid

62
Q

Osteomalacia/rickets

A

Vit D supplementation

63
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Bisphosphonates

+

Ca2+, Vit D supplementation

64
Q

Patent ductus arteriosus

A

Indomethacin

65
Q

Pheochromocytoma

A

Alpha-antagonists

(i.e. phenoxybenzamine)

66
Q

Pneumocystis jirovecii

67
Q

Prolactinoma

A

Bromocriptine

(DA agonist)

68
Q

Prostate cancer

Uterine fibroids

A

Leuprolide

+

GnRH (continuous)

69
Q

Prostate carcinoma

70
Q

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Antipseudomonal penicillin

+

aminoglycoside

71
Q

Pulmonary arterial hypertension

A

Sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol

72
Q

Rickettsia rickettsii

A

Doxycycline

Chloramphenicol (if aplastic anemia)

73
Q

Ringworm infection

A

Terbinafine, griseofulvin, imidazole

74
Q

Schizophrenia

(negative symptoms)

A

5-HT2A antagonist

(2nd gen antipsychotic)

75
Q

Schizophrenia

(positive symptoms)

A

D2 receptor antagonist

(1st and 2nd gen antipsychotic)

76
Q

SIADH

A

demeclocycline

lithium

vasopressin receptor antagonists

77
Q

Sickle cell anemia

A

Hydroxyurea

(increase fetal Hb)

78
Q

Sporothrix schenckii

A

Oral potassium chloride

79
Q

Stable angina

A

Sublingual nitroglycerin

80
Q

Staphylococcus aureus

A

MSSA:

Nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin

MRSA:

Vancomycin

81
Q

Streptococcus bovis

A

Penicillin (prophylaxis)

+

Screen for rectal carcinoma (if endocarditis)

82
Q

Streptococcus pneumoniae

A

Penicillin/cephalosporin

(systemic, pneumonia)

Vancomycin

(meningitis)

83
Q

Streptococcus pyogenes

A

Penicillin (prophylaxis)

84
Q

Temporal arteritis

A

High-dose steroids

85
Q

Tonic-clonic seizures

A

Phenytoin

Valproate

Carbamazepine

86
Q

Toxoplasma gondii

A

Sulfadiazine

+

Pyrimethamine

87
Q

Treponema pallidum

A

Penicillin

88
Q

Trichomonas vaginalis

A

Metronidazole

(patient and partner)

89
Q

Ulcerative colitis

A

5-ASA

infliximab

90
Q

UTI (prophylaxis)

91
Q

Warfarin toxicity

(acute, chronic)

A

Fresh frozen plasma (acute)

Vitamin K (chronic)

92
Q

Wegener’s granulomatosis

w/polyangiitis

A

Cyclophosphamide

Corticosteroids

Step 1 Pharm (19 decks)

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