Respiratory Flashcards
Inspiration:
Air flows into the lungs
Expiration:
Gas exits the lungs
Convection:
Physical delivery of O2 and CO2 to alveoli and tissues over large distances, requiring energy
Diffusion:
Passive exchange of O2 and CO2 down a concentration gradient alveoli, blood and tissues
Resistance:
As airway resistance rises, breathing movements become more strenuous
Compliance:
The ease with which the lungs can be expanded
Ventilation:
The amount of gas reaching the alveoli
Perfusion:
The blood flow reaching the alveoli
Intrapulmonary Pressure:
Pressure within the alveoli (Ppul)
Intrapleural Pressure:
Pressure within the pleural cavity (Pip)
Transpulmonary Pressure:
Difference between Ppul and Pip - Prevents lungs from collapsing
Henry’s Law:
The amount of dissolved gas is proportional to its partial pressure in the gas phase
Boyle’s Law:
Pressure is inversely proportional to volume (P α 1/V)
Dalton’s Law:
Total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the component partial pressures
Dorsal Respiratory Group:
Coordinates respiration and sensory input
Ventral Respiratory Group:
Sensory input come indirectly via DRG and it predominately responsible for motor control
Peripheral Chemoreceptors:
Sensory extensions of the peripheral nervous system into blood vessels where they detect changes in chemical concentrations
Central Chemoreceptors:
Sense changing CO2 levels, via H+, in the medulla, behind blood brain barrier
