Respiratory

Question 1

A 68-year-old patient with a 90 pack-year history presents to the clinic with concerns about lung cancer. He reports his friend was recently diagnosed and would like information regarding signs and symptoms. The nurse practitioner should advise him that which of the following is the most common symptom of lung cancer?

Answer 1

A chronic cough (A) is the most common symptom of lung cancer. It is present in up to 75% of initial lung cancer diagnoses. Cough receptors are prevalent in the large airways, where lung cancer commonly develops. Lung cancer should be suspected in patients who report a chronic cough and currently smoke or have previously smoked.

Question 2

CURB criteria

Answer 2

A blood urea nitrogen of 17 mg/dL (A) falls within the normal range of 8–20 mg/dL, thus it does not meet CURB-65 criteria. BP of 95/62 mm Hg (B) does not meet CURB-65 criteria of a systolic BP < 90 mm Hg and diastolic BP ≤ 60 mm Hg. RR of 18 breaths/min (D) does not meet CURB-65 criteria of RR ≥ 30 breaths/min.

Question 3

lobes of lungs

Answer 3

three lobes are present on right side and two lobes on left side

Question 4

is an expected chest X-ray finding for patients with moderate to severe COPD.

Answer 4

A flattened diaphragm with hyperinflation (

Question 5

According to the COPD GOLD guidelines, which of the following medications should be prescribed to patients in group B?

Answer 5

formoterol (performomist) - long acting beta agonist