Respiratory Flashcards
what are the normal flora of the URT
a and non hem strep
haemophilus
strep pneumo
dips
staph sp
anaeboes
micrococcus
enterobacteraceae
what are URT pathogens
Viruses
what are the pathogens in mouth
candida spp
treponema
fusobacterium
strep pyo **ONLY IF WOUNDED
what are the pathogens in the nose
staph aureus
strep pyo
what is vincent angina
ulcer gingivostomatitis (mouth related)
what is thrush
candidiasis of mouth with white patches of exudate
what is rhinitis
inflamed nasal mucous membrane - viral related
what is pathogen in the throat
strep pyo
diptheriae
neisseria gonorrhoaeae
C + G strep
acrano
haeophilus influenzae
what makes up the LRT
larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveroli
what are the pathogens in the LRT
strep pneumo
haemophilus influ
strep pyo
enterobacteraiae - mucoid strains
nocardia
bacillus anthracis
m cat
pseudo mucoids strain
steno
NFB mucoid
brucella
francisella tularensis
what decides the Q score
squamous epithelial cells and PMNs
what makes a good Q score
high POMN and low EPI with mucous
what does a good q score mean
specimen has minimal URT contamination
when are Q scores not needed
neutropenic (immunocomp) patients
2 prev rejections
ETT, auger suction speciments
3-4 RBC present
<8yrs
BCC present
what are the two big mycobacteriums
m teburculosis
m leprae
what are the mycobacteriums divided into
tuberculosis complex = cause human illness
non ruberculkosis = cause morbidity and chronic illness
what does mycobacterium look like
varies from ccb to long slender bacilli
what is unique about mycobacterium cell walls
high lipid content (mycolic acid) and impermeable to basic dyes that are used in Gram stain
what can be used to help stain uptake in mycobacterium
phenol and heat
why are mycobacteria called acid fast bacilli
resist decolourization with acid alcohol because of mycolic acids
what environment does mycobacteirum grow
strict aerobes but some enhanced in CO2w
Why does mycobacteria have slow growth
hydrophobic cell wall decreases nutrient uptake
facts on mycobacterium tuberculosis
highly contageioous and risk in lab infection
grows slow at 37 on enriched media
naicin pos
nitrate pos
TCH (thophen2carboxylic acid) environment growth
facts on mycobacterium bovis
grows at 37 on enriched media with pyruvic acid
naicin neg
nitriate neg
resistant to pyrazinamide (PZA)
facts of mycobacterium bovis BCG
isolataed from vaccine sites or UTI specimens
resistant to pyrazinamide (PZA)
temp of collection for mycobacterium
fridge if delay
blood culture and CSF at RT
how to collect sputum
first morining on 3 days consecutive
how to colect gastric washings
used within 4 hours of colection
phosphate buffer added to prevent acid breakdown of mycobacteria
