parasitology Flashcards
what are interferences in the OAP method
barium, mineral oil, laxatives, antibiotics
fixative to preserve feces
SAF (sodiumacetate acetic acid formalin) 3:1
OAP number of specimens and timing
2-3 within 10 days
how do we test for duodenal contents
string test for G. lamblia and strongyloides
what is the cellophane tape test / sticky paddle
first thing in morning for female eggs
what major parasite in urine
schistosoma haematobium
what major parasit in urethra/vaginal
trichomonas vaginalis
what major parasite in sputum
strongyloiudes stercoralis
different in principle of sedimentation and floatation
sedimentation - parasite sit in debris at bottom
floatation- parasite floats on higher density reagent
what reagents used in sedimentation and floatation
sediment- formalin-ethyl acetate
floatation - zinc sulfate
sedimentation tube bottom up?
sediment, formalin, debris, ethyl acetate
floatation tube bottom up?
sediment, zinc sulfate, surface film (parasites)
pro and con to sedimentation
pro - stable and easy to perform and cheap
con - lots of background debris
pro and con to floatation
pro - cleaner material
con- must be read <30 mins and no detection of heavy eggs
what does modified acid-fast stain
cryptosporidium
required for all OAP
what does trichrome stain
debris is green and protozoa is blue
what does iron hematoxylin stain
shades of grey protozoa
what does modified iron hematoxylin stain
bright pink when iron hem is used with modified acid fast
what does ELISA examine for in OAP
G lamblia and cryptosporidium
what doies direct fluorescent antibotides detect
monoclonal Ab stains G lamblia and cryptosporidium thats more specific and sensitive
what are Charcot-Leyden Crystals
breakdown product of eosinophils
source of Entamoeba coli
contaminated water BUT NON PATHOGENIC
difference of Entamoeba cyst and trophozoite
cyst - infective 1-4 nuclei (histo) 1-8 nuclei (ecoli)
trophozoite - NON infective stage
what is the source of Entamoeba hisolytica
fecal-oral contact with poor sanitation
how do we test for Entamoeba histolytica
fresh direct wetmount
what is the sourace of Giardia lamblia
contaminated water/food and intimate contact
specimen accepted to ID giardia
fecal, enterotest, duodenal contents
how do we test of ID of giardia
wetmount motility, ELISA,DFA
what is the source of dientamoeba fragilis
ingesting helminth eggs
what is the source of cryptosporidium spp
contaminated waTer, intimate contact, animals
how do we test for cryptosporidium
modified -acid fast (Kinyoun), ELISA, DFA
what is the soruce of diphyllobothrium latum
ingest raw fish
what is the source of taenia spp
T. solium - cyst in pork
T. saginata - cyst in beef
what in cysticercosis
larval forms of t. soliuim in tissues in the body
what is the source of enterobius vermicularis
inhaled or ingest eggs
best specimen for enterobius vermicularis
sticky paddle testing – FECES AND URINE NOT ACCEPTABLE
source of trichuris trichiura
soil transmitted eggs ingestion
source of ascaris lumbricoides
fecal, oral, tropical and temperate areas
source of stongyloides sterocoralis
tropical and subtropic areas
