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340 > parasitology > Flashcards

parasitology Flashcards

1
Q

what are interferences in the OAP method

A

barium, mineral oil, laxatives, antibiotics

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2
Q

fixative to preserve feces

A

SAF (sodiumacetate acetic acid formalin) 3:1

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3
Q

OAP number of specimens and timing

A

2-3 within 10 days

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4
Q

how do we test for duodenal contents

A

string test for G. lamblia and strongyloides

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5
Q

what is the cellophane tape test / sticky paddle

A

first thing in morning for female eggs

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6
Q

what major parasite in urine

A

schistosoma haematobium

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7
Q

what major parasit in urethra/vaginal

A

trichomonas vaginalis

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8
Q

what major parasite in sputum

A

strongyloiudes stercoralis

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9
Q

different in principle of sedimentation and floatation

A

sedimentation - parasite sit in debris at bottom
floatation- parasite floats on higher density reagent

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10
Q

what reagents used in sedimentation and floatation

A

sediment- formalin-ethyl acetate

floatation - zinc sulfate

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11
Q

sedimentation tube bottom up?

A

sediment, formalin, debris, ethyl acetate

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12
Q

floatation tube bottom up?

A

sediment, zinc sulfate, surface film (parasites)

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13
Q

pro and con to sedimentation

A

pro - stable and easy to perform and cheap
con - lots of background debris

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14
Q

pro and con to floatation

A

pro - cleaner material
con- must be read <30 mins and no detection of heavy eggs

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15
Q

what does modified acid-fast stain

A

cryptosporidium

required for all OAP

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16
Q

what does trichrome stain

A

debris is green and protozoa is blue

17
Q

what does iron hematoxylin stain

A

shades of grey protozoa

18
Q

what does modified iron hematoxylin stain

A

bright pink when iron hem is used with modified acid fast

19
Q

what does ELISA examine for in OAP

A

G lamblia and cryptosporidium

20
Q

what doies direct fluorescent antibotides detect

A

monoclonal Ab stains G lamblia and cryptosporidium thats more specific and sensitive

21
Q

what are Charcot-Leyden Crystals

A

breakdown product of eosinophils

22
Q

source of Entamoeba coli

A

contaminated water BUT NON PATHOGENIC

23
Q

difference of Entamoeba cyst and trophozoite

A

cyst - infective 1-4 nuclei (histo) 1-8 nuclei (ecoli)

trophozoite - NON infective stage

24
Q

what is the source of Entamoeba hisolytica

A

fecal-oral contact with poor sanitation

25
Q

how do we test for Entamoeba histolytica

A

fresh direct wetmount

26
Q

what is the sourace of Giardia lamblia

A

contaminated water/food and intimate contact

27
Q

specimen accepted to ID giardia

A

fecal, enterotest, duodenal contents

28
Q

how do we test of ID of giardia

A

wetmount motility, ELISA,DFA

29
Q

what is the source of dientamoeba fragilis

A

ingesting helminth eggs

30
Q

what is the source of cryptosporidium spp

A

contaminated waTer, intimate contact, animals

31
Q

how do we test for cryptosporidium

A

modified -acid fast (Kinyoun), ELISA, DFA

32
Q

what is the soruce of diphyllobothrium latum

A

ingest raw fish

33
Q

what is the source of taenia spp

A

T. solium - cyst in pork
T. saginata - cyst in beef

34
Q

what in cysticercosis

A

larval forms of t. soliuim in tissues in the body

35
Q

what is the source of enterobius vermicularis

A

inhaled or ingest eggs

36
Q

best specimen for enterobius vermicularis

A

sticky paddle testing – FECES AND URINE NOT ACCEPTABLE

37
Q

source of trichuris trichiura

A

soil transmitted eggs ingestion

38
Q

source of ascaris lumbricoides

A

fecal, oral, tropical and temperate areas

39
Q

source of stongyloides sterocoralis

A

tropical and subtropic areas

340 (8 decks)

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