Deep wounds Flashcards
infection following crushing or impact
patient’s own organisms entered site or devitalized skin to make infection
what environment does penetrating injuries create
environment of nectrotic tissuie and hematomas
nectrotic tissuie and hematomas create an ideal condition for what bacteria
anaerobes
what bacteria are seen in post surgical wounds
staph aureus and enteric bacilli
what tissue do burns cause
non viable devasciularized tissues
what bacteria do non viable devascularized tissues from burns cause
pseudomonas aeruginaosa
what causes pus and what does it consist of
inflammation
consists of liquid with polymorphonulcear leukocytes and the debris of dead cells and tissue elements liquified by enzymes from leukocytes
what bacteria is seen in peritonsillar abscess
fusiforms, S.pyo, S. aureus, anaerobes and respiratory organisms
where are MIF wound cultures most from
collected close to the GI tract
when can we call MIF
2+ non pathogenic coliforms
OR
enterococci and one non pathogenic coliform
what organisms are seen in wounds
staph aureus
strep pyo
enterobacteriaceae
pseudo aerug
enterococc
anaerobes
what can staph aureus cause
infections, boils, impetigo, and TSS
what are the normal skin flora bacteria
staph epi
staph hominis
dips
propionbacterium
strep mitis
micrococcus
what can strep pyo cause
pharyngitis, TSS, scarlet fever
what are the tests for strep pyo
cat -
PYR +
latex A
CAMP -
Taxos A S
what are the tests for pseudo aerug
K/K
OF - oxidative +/-
met mount motil +
Oxidase +
nitrate +
TSB 42
UV light
what are the tests for enterococcus faecalis
cat +/-
PYR +
BEA +
NaCl +
testing for actinomyces
molar tooth/ wt colony appearance
catalase -
gpb pleio
testing for bacteroides fragilis
cat+
BBEA+
KVC resistant
gncb
testing of prevotella
black convex colonies
cat -
BBEA -
brick red fluorescence
gnb
testing of clostridium perfringens
gp boxcars
cat -
rCAMP +
lecithinase + lipase -
testing of clostridium sordellii
spores
cat-
rCAMP -
lecithinase + lipase-
gpb
testing of clostridium sporogenes
spores
cat-
rCAMP -
lecithinase - lipase +
gpb
testing of fusobacterium
tapered
cat -
indole +
UV - chartreuse
gnb
testing or peptostreptococcus
cat-
K -R
V -S
C- R
SPS sensitive
gpc
testing of cutibacterium
cat +
K- S
V -S
C- R
gpb pleo
testing of veilonella
cat - V
nitrate -> nitrite
gnc sheets
how is clostridium difficile detected
PCR for the toxic gene because the organism can be normal flora
what does C difficile cause
collitis
what are indications of anaerobic infections
smell
mucosal surface
GI
nosicomial infecgtion / MRSA
animal bites
which anaerobes are cat +
bacteroidies fragillis
cutibacterium acnes
what is the only gnc anaerobe
veionella
how long of exposure of air to anaerobes can kill
10 mins of oxygen
In healthy tissues what reaction kills anaerobes
increased redox potential
what broths can be used to cultivate anaerobes
enricched thioglycollate and chopped meat
what is most anaerobic media suplemented with
yeast extract
vit K
hemin
what do all anaerobic chambers contain
catalyst
desiccant
5-10% hydrogen gas
5-10% CO2
90-% nitrogen
indicator
what chemical indicators are used for anaerobes
methylene blue and resazurin pink becomes colourlesss
what strict and fastidoeus biological indicators can be used for anaerobes
clostridium haemolyticum
clostridium novyii
fucsobacterium nucleatum
porphyromonas sp
what aerotolerant anaerobes is there
clostridum perfringens
how long are anaerobic plates incubated for
2-3 days without opening
when are anaerobes most sensitive during growth
in their log phase
what can be used to help gram staining
95% ethanol for decol
dilute carbol fuchsin instead of safrinin
what bacteria with this issue:
gpb pleo
underdecol bacteroides
what bacteria with this issue:
gnb ch
over decol lacto
what bacteria with this issue:
gnc long ch
overdecol peptostrep
what bacteria with this issue:
gnb dip-like
overdecol non spore forming gpb
what bacteria with this issue:
gnb with spres
overdevol clostridum
how does GLC work with anaerobes
grown in phytone-yeast extract-glucose broth and anaerobes turn glucose into pyruvate. Acids produced are ID’d by elution and chromatography
what acids are made for GLC of anaerobes
short chain volitile fatty acids using acid ether
(acetic, propionic, isobutyric, formic)
nonvolatile acids using chloroform
(pyruvic, lactic, fumaric, succininc, benzoic)
difference of lecithinase and lipase on plate
lecithinase - opactity in medium that surround and extends from colonies
lipase - precipiate shiny on top of colony but not extending
what chemical is spot indol using
paradimethylaminocinnamaldehyde
are anaerobes spot indole pos T/F
T - weak reaction
how does reverse CAMP work and what bacteria is pos
**group B strep down center of anaerobic BAP
perfringens is the only positive rCAMP
What is the nagler inhinition test
inhibits lecithinase growth to prove that perfringens present
what is the nitrate reduction test
add reagent A+B turns red = pos (nitrATES -> nitRITES)
if neg add zinc
red w zinc = neg (no nitrites)
white w zinc = pos (reduced further)
