respiratory

Question 1

radical neck dissection priority of care

Answer 1

assess knowledge
assess for risks and potential complications
post op the patient with need careful monitoring and assessment
airway and breathing
pain
potential bleeding and wound drainage system
maintain airway: frequent assessment, place in fowlers positon, encourage coughing and deep breathing, if patient has a trach provide trach care

Question 2

cancer of the tongue risk factors

Answer 2

tobacco use including smoking tobacco
alcohol
men
over the age of 40
african american
squamos cell cancer that can be anywhere but is most likely on lips, lateral tongue, floor of the mouth

Question 3

manifestations of oral cancer

Answer 3

a lip or mouth sore that doesnt heal
white reddish patch on the inside of mouth and loose teeth
growth or lump on the inside of mouth
mouth pain
ear pain
diffiult or painful swallowing

Question 4

management of oral cancer

Answer 4

surgical resection
radiation therapy
chemotherapy
targeted therapy
immunotherapy

Question 5

laryngeal cancer S&S

Answer 5

early: persistene hoarseness for two week, cough or sore throught that doesnt go away, lump in the back of the neck
later: dysphagia, dyspnea, unilateral nasal obstruction or discharge, hoarseness, mouth ulcers, bad breath, cervical lymphadenopathy, pain in the ear if metastasized

Question 6

ABGs

Answer 6

pH 7.35-7.45
- PaCO2 35-45 mm Hg
- HCO3 22-26 mEq/L
- PaO2 80-100 mm Hg
- O2 sat >94%

Question 7

respiratory acidosis

Answer 7

pH lower than 7.35
CO2 above 42
due to cns depressants, cns trauma, copd, pneumonia
S&S
tachycardia, increased hr and bp, mental changes, feeling of fullness in head

Question 8

respiratory alkalosis

Answer 8

pH higher than 7.45
Co2 below 35
always due to hyperventilation (anxiety)
S&S
lightheadedness, inability to concentrate, numbness and tingling, loss of conciousness

Question 9

chest tube maintence

Answer 9

note the amount of drainage color consistency often
check the amount of drainage once a shift
check the tubing and the patient every 4 hours
keep tubing level or below the patient
never clamp the tubing
cough frequently and deep breathe
check the dressing and change as needed
encourage moving to prevent atelectasis
pain medications