Respiratory Flashcards
Upper Respiratory Tract
*Nose
*Nasal cavity
* Sinuses
* Pharynx
Lower Respiratory Tract
- Larynx
- Trachea
- Bronchial Tree
- Lungs
ANATOMY of “Respiratory Tract” can be divided into two groups
“STRUCTURALLY”
The Upper Respiratory Tract
The Lower Respiratory Tract
The organs of the “Respiratory Tract”
can be divided into two groups
“FUNCTIONALLY”
The Conducting Portion
The Respiratory Portion
The Respiratory Portion
- Bronchioles
- Alveolar Ducts
- Alveoli
Respiratory system anatomy / pathway
Nose/mouth
Pharynx
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Bronchioles
Lungs—> alveoli
2 portions of nose
The external nose (nose)
The internal nose (nasal cavity]
2 structure of nose
Bony structure
Cartilaginous structure
Bony structure
Frontal
Nasal
Maxillae
Cartilaginous structure
Septal cartilage
Lateral cartilages
Alar cartilages
Pharynx is composed of
Nasopharynx - uppermost portion
Oropharynx - middle portion
Laryngopharynx-lowermost portion
Functions of Pharynx
Taste
Hearing
Protection
Speech
Larynx is joined by
Pharynx and trachea
Larynx is made up of 2 kinds of cartilages
Single cartilages
Paired cartilages
Single cartilages
Thyroid cartilage
Cricoid cartilage
Epiglottis
Paired cartilages
Arytenoids
Corniculates
Cuneiforms
Larynx contains
Vestibule
Ventricle
Infraglottic
Trachea is divided into
Right bronchi
Left bronchi
trachea cartilages covered by 3 tissue lavers
Outer
Middle
Inner
The various parts of lungs are
Apex
Base
Costal surface
Medial surface
Processes of breathing
INHALATION/ INSPIRATION: air flowing into lungs
EXHALATION/ EXPIRATION: air leaving lungs
The respiration is regulated by the following
ways
Nervous control
Chemical control
(Nervous control) Respiration controlled by two mechanisms:
Voluntary control & Autonomic control
There are three chemical factors controlling the respiration
- Carbon dioxide
- oxygen
- pH
