Digestion Flashcards
Types of digestion
Mechanical digestion
Chemical digestion
Digestive enzymes
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
Phases of Digestion
Ingestion
Movement
Digestion
Absorption
Further digestion
Structures of GI tract
• Mouth
• Pharynx
• Esophagus
• Stomach
• Small Intestine
• Large Intestine
• Rectum
Linings of GI tract
Serosa
*outer connective tissue layer
*Peritoneum
Mucosa
*Mucous epithelium
*Lamina propria
*Muscularis mucosa
Submucosa
Muscularis
*Circular muscle layer
*Longitudinal muscle layer
Seorsa is lined by
*outer connective tissue layer
*Peritoneum
Mucosa is lined by
*Mucous epithelium
*Lamina propria
*Muscularis mucosa
Muscularis is lined
*Circular muscle layer
*Longitudinal muscle layer
3 parts of stomach
duodenum, jejunum, ileum
Stomach produces
amylase, protease, lipase, nuclease nutrient and water absorption
Accessory digestive system
Liver
Gallbladder
Pancreas
Digestive glands
Salivary glands
*produces amylase
Gastric glands
Pancreas
Intestinal glands
What are the enzymes produced by the salivary glands
Ptyalin or salivary amylase
Enzymes produced by gastric glands
Pepsin
Rennin (in infants)
Enzymes produced by pancreas
Pancreatic amylase
Trypsin
Chymotrypsin
Pancreatic lipase
Enzymes produced by intestinal glands
Maltase
Lactase
Sucrase
Lipase
Structures in the mouth that aids digestion:
Teeth
- cut, tear, crush and grind food.
Salivary glands
- produce and secrete saliva into the oral cavity.
Mouth also contains
- Parotid (beneath the cheeks)
- Submaxillary (below the jaw bone)
- Sublingual (below the tongue)
- saliva moistens the
food and contains enzymes (ptyalin or salivary amylase) that begins digestion of starch into smaller polysaccharides.
Mechanism/Phases of Swallowing
Buccal phase
Pharyngeal phase
Esophageal phase
Gastric food contains
Proteins
Lipids
They are produced in the stomach
Pepsin
*major enzyme
Mucus
*lubricates foods, converts bolus into liquid
Small intestine absorbs
•80% ingested water
•Vitamins
• Minerals
•Carbohydrates
•Proteins
•Lipids
Movement in small intestine
Mixing: Segmental contraction that occurs in small intestine
Secretion: Lubricate, liquefy, digest Digestion: Mechanical and chemical
Absorption: Movement from tract into circulation or lymph
Elimination: Waste products removed from body
Liver filters outside
Toxins
Drugs
Alcohol
Poisons
Types of wastes
Solid wastes
Metabolic wastes
-Carbon Dioxide
- Salts
-Urea
Removal of wastes
Egestion
Excretion
