Respiratory Flashcards
NIV in COPD exacerbation type 2 failure
BiPAP
COPD complication
polycythaemia
asbestos fibrosis
lower zone PF
COPD exac
oral pred and abx if purulent sputum or signs of infection
CURB 65
Confusion, Urea >7, RR>or equal to 30, BP <90/60, 65
Alpha 1 antitrypsin
hepatocellular carcinoma
lung cacner with gynaecomastia
adenocarcinoma
ENT, respiratory and kidney involvement and cANCA
GPA
bronchiectasis bug
H.influenzae
small cell cancer syndromes
ACTH, ADH and L-EMS
squamous cell cancer syndromes
PTH and TSH
cavitating lung cancer
squamous
pneumonia causing haemolytic anaemia and erythema multiforme and neurological symptoms
myoplasma pneumonia
which TB drug makes you want to test visual acuity
ethambutol
reduce oral thrush with inhaled steroids
use spacer
TB symptoms investigation CXR done
sputum microscopy
rifampicin side effects
hepatitis, orange secretions and flu-like symptoms
isoniazid side effects
peripheral neuropathy (give pyridoxine), hepatitis, agranulocytosis and drug induced lupus
pyrazinamide side effects
gout, arthralgia, myalgia and hepatitis
ethambutol side effects
optic neuritis (check visual acuity), adjust dose if renal impairment
<2cm primary pneumothorax no breathlessness
discharge
transudative pleural effusion cause
protein<30
FAILURE heart failure, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome and malabsorption
exudative pleural effusion cause
protein>30
INFLAMMATION pneumonia, lung cancer, TB, SLE, rheumatoid arthritis and PE
HIV pneumonia
PCP pneumocystis jiroveci (co-trim prophylaxis)
pneumothorax with asthma <1cm
admit, give oxygen for 24h and review
initial investigation for free fluid in the abdomen and chest
FAST scan
pneumonia in diabetics and alcoholics that causes cavitation in the upper lobes
Klebsiella
pneumonia in CF/HAP eg ITU on ventilator with ground-glass attenutation
Pseudomonas
pneumonia with flu-like symptoms and dry cough with one lobe affected
mycoplasma
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy cancer
squamous cell cancer
trachea towards white out lung
pneumonectomy (can’t be pleural effusion, hernia or large mass because these would push it away)
COPD severity with FEV1
> 80 with symptoms - MILD
50-79% - MOD
30-49% - SEVERE
<30% - V SEVERE
legionella test
urinary antigen test
haemoptysis, rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and saddle nose
GPA
acute COPD management
-SABA nebs
-oral pred
-only Abx if signs of pneumonia/purulent sputum