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Fail forward > Renal > Flashcards

Renal Flashcards

1
Q

chronic NSAID use

A

analgesia nephropathy (CT)

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2
Q

peritonitis secondary to peritoneal dialysis cause bug

A

S. epidermidis

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3
Q

spironolactone electrolyte cause

A

hyperkalaemia (and men boobs)

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4
Q

thiazides electrolyte cause

A

hypokalaemia

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5
Q

hypercholesterolaemia in kidney disease

A

nephrotic syndrome

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6
Q

avoid contrast nephropathy in patients with CKD

A

saline to expand volume

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7
Q

rhabdo CK

A

10000+

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8
Q

minimal change disease management

A

steroids

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9
Q

c diff

A

oral vanc (plus IV met if needed)

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10
Q

bloody diarrhoea, lower right abdo pain, 36-48h after bbq chicken

A

campylobacter jejuni

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11
Q

bowel cancer with tenesmus

A

rectal cancer

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12
Q

oesophageal dilation

A

achalasia

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13
Q

can’t swallow solids or liquids from start

A

achalasia

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14
Q

erectile dys, fatigue and arthralgia early signs of

A

haemachromatosis

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15
Q

what is haemochromotosis test

A

transferrin saturation

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16
Q

ileocaecal resection complication

A

B12 deficiency

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17
Q

coeliac blood film

A

hyposplenism so target cells and howell-jolly bodies

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18
Q

oesoph varices management

A

terlipressin and proph abx

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19
Q

SAAG over 11 ascites

A

tranudate

20
Q

SAAG under 11 ascites

A

edudate

21
Q

abdo pain, ascites and tender lymphadenopathy

A

budd-chiari so US

22
Q

carcinoid syndrome test

A

urinary 5HIAA

23
Q

drugs that cause hyperkalaemia

A

ACEI, ARBs, spironolactone and heparin

24
Q

AKI investigation

A

renal US

25
Q

prerenal uraemia with high blood sodium and low urine sodium

A

dehydration

26
Q

autoimmune disease of young males
anaemia, pulmonary haemorrhage, haemoptysis, progressive haematuria and other lung features

A

Goodpasture’s
positive anti-GBM

27
Q

autoimmune vasculitis with midline respiratory involvement, renal impairment and haemoptysis

A

GPA
raised cANCA
cyclophosphomide and high dose steroids

28
Q

prerenal AKI causes

A

blood loss, dehydration, reduced intake or sepsis

29
Q

purpuric rash on legs, viral trigger eg URTI/GI, nephritic syndrome

A

IgA vasculitis

30
Q

nephrotic syndrome in adults

A

FSGS

31
Q

nephrotic syndrome in kids

A

minimal change disease

32
Q

nephrotic in later life with malignancy

A

membranous

33
Q

nephritic syndrome

A

acute kidney function decline, oliguria, oedema, HTN and haematuria

34
Q

nephrotic syndrome

A

proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia, oedema, hypercholesterolaemia and normal renal function

35
Q

acute interstitial nephritis

A

allergy in kidney caused by drug causing AKI with mild proteinuria, leukocytes and flank pain

36
Q

normal urine output

A

> 0.5mls/kg/hr

37
Q

indications for acute haemodialysis

A

hyperkalaemia, uraemic pericarditis, acidaemia and pulmonary oedema

38
Q

important infection in immunocompromised people

A

CMV and also EBV

39
Q

PKD heart condition

A

mitral valve prolapse

40
Q

correcting hyponatraemia too quickly

A

osmotic demyelination syndrome

41
Q

correcting hypernatraemia too quickly

A

cerebral oedema

42
Q

primary hyperaldosteronism

A

low renin high aldosterone
bilateral adrenal hyperplasia or Conn’s (adenoma)

43
Q

secondary hyperaldosteronism

A

high renin high aldosterone
renal artery stenosis
give spironolactone

44
Q

renal cell carcinoma secondary effects

A

polycythaemia, hypertension and hypercalcaemia

45
Q

first line for hypercalcaemia

A

IV rehydration (then bisphosphonates)

Fail forward (22 decks)

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