Respiratory Flashcards
name/class albuterol
proventil, ventolin
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
name/class proventil
albuterol, ventolin
sympathomimetic bronchodilater
name/class ventolin
albuterol, proventil
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
description
albuterol
proventil
ventolin
albuterol is a synthetic sympathomimetic that causes bronchodilation with less cardiac effect than epinephrine and reduces mucus secreation, pulmonary capillary leaking and edema in the lungs during allergic reactions
indications
albuterol
proventil
ventolin
bronchospasm in asthma and COPD, hyperkalemia
contraindications
albuterol
proventil
ventolin
hypersensitivity to the drug
precautions
Albuterol
proventil
ventolin
the PT may experience tachycardia, anxiety, nausea, cough, wheezing, and or dizziness. VS and breath sounds must be monitored; use caution with elderly, cardiac or hypertensive patients
Dosage/ route
albuterol
proventil
ventolin
2.5 mg in 2.5 to 3 mL NS via nebulizer, repeat as needed. the duration of effect is 3-6 hours
Hyperkalemia 20-30 mg nebulizer
name/class aminophylline
somophyllin
methylxanthine bronchodilator
name/class somophyllin
aminophylline
methylxanthine bronchodilator
Description
aminophylline
somophyllin
amionphylline is a methylxanthine that prolongs bronchodilation and decreased mucus production and has mild cardiac and CNS stimulating effects.
indications
aminophylline
somophyllin
bronchospasm in asthma and COPD refractory to sympathomimetics and other bronchodilators and in CHF
name/class ipratropium
atrovent
anticholinergic
name/class atrovent
Ipratropium
anticholinergic
description
ipratropium
atrovent
ipratropium is a bronchodilator used in the treatment or respiratory emergencies that cause bronchial dilation and dries respiratory tract secreations by blocking acetylcholine receptors
indications
ipratropium
atrovent
bronchospasms associated with asthma COPD and inhaled irritants
contraindications
ipratropium
atrovent
hypersensitivity to atropine or it’s derivatives, or as a primary treatment for acute bronchospasm. Nut allergy
precautions
ipratropium
atrovent
elderly, cardiovascular disease or hypertension
dosage/route
Ipratropium
atrovent
500mcg in 2.5 to 3mL NS via nebulizer or 2 sprays from metered dose inhaler
pedi dose/route
ipratropium
atrovent
125-250mcg in 2.5 to 3 mL NS via nebulizer, or 1-2 sprays of a metered dose inhaler
name/class furosemide
lasix
diuretic
name/class lasix
furosemide
diuretic
description
furosemide
lasix
furosemide is a rapid-acting, potent diuretic and antihypertensive that inhibits sodium reabsorption by the kidney. its vasodilating effects reduce venous return and cardiac workload
indications
furosemide
lasix
CHF
pulmonary edema
contraindictions
furosemide
lasix
hypotension
precautions
furosemide
lasix
infants, elderly, hepatic impairment, cardiogenic shock associated with acute MI, Gout, or patients receiving digitalis or potassium depleating steroids
dosage/route
Furosemide
lasix
40-120 mg slow IV or could cause tinitis
pedi dosage/route
furosemide
lasix
1mg/kg slow IV
name/class magnesium sulfate
magnesium
electrolyte
name/class magnesium
magnesium sulfate
electrolyte
description
magnesium sulfate
magnesium
magnesium sulfate is an electrolyte that acts as a calcium channel blocker, acting as a CNS depressent and anticonvulsant. it also depresses the function of smooth, skeletal and cardiac muscles
indications
magnesium sulfate
magnesium
refactory v-fib and pulseless v-tach (especially Torsade De Pointes), AMI, Eclamptic seizures, asthma, COPD
contraindictions
magnesium sulfate
magnesium
heart block, myocardial damage, shock, persistance hypertension, and hypocalcemia
precautions
magnesium sulfate
magnesium
CNS depressants, or neuro muscular blocking agents
dosage/ route
magnesium sulfate
magnesium
v-fib 1-2g IV over 2 min
Torsade de pointes 1-2 g IV
asthma/COPD 1-2 g over 10 min
Eclampsia 2-6g IV/IM over 15-30 min
name/class levalbuterol
xopenex
sympathomimetic bronchodilator
name/class xopenex
levalbuterol
sympathomimetic, Bronchodilator
description
levalbuterol
xopenex
levalbuterol stimulates Beta 2 receptors resulting in smooth muscle relaxation of bronchial tree and peripheral vasculature
indications
levalbuterol
xopenex
treatment of acute bronchospasm in patients with reversible obstructive airway disease(COPD, Asthma). Bronchospasm
in prophylaxis in asthma patients
contraindictions
levalbuterol
xopenex
angioedema, tachydysrhythmias and severe cardiac disease. avoid use in patients taking phenothiazines; may cause prolonged QT interval and dysrhythmias
dosage/route
levalbuterol
xopenex
1.25 mg in 3 mL
name/class terbutaline
Brethine, Bricanyl
sympathetic agonist
name/class brethine
terbutaline, bricanyl
sympathetic agonist
name/class bricanyl
terbutaline, brethine
sympathetic agonist
description
terbutaline
brethine
bricanyl
terbutaline is a synthetic sympathomimetic that causes bronchodilation with less cardiac effect than epinephrine
indications
terbutaline
brethine
bricanyl
bronchial asthma
bronchospasm in COPD
dosage/route
terbutaline
brethine
bricanyl
two inhalations with a metered dose inhaler, repeated once in 1 min or 0.25 mg SQ repeated in 15-30 min
name/class Racemic epinephrine
Micro Nefrin, Vaponefrin
Sympathomimetic agonist
name/class Micro Nefrin
Racemic epinephrine, Vaponefrin
Sympathomimetic agonist
name/class vaponefrin
racemic epinephrine, Micro Nefrin
sympathomimetic agonist
Description
Racemic Epinephrine
Micro Nefrin
Vaponefrin
Racemic epinephrine is a variation of epinephrine used only for inhalation to induce bronchodilation and to reduce laryngeal edema and mucus secreation
indications
racemic epinephrine
Micro Nefrin
Vaponefrin
croup
laryngotracheobronchitis
contraindications
racemic epinephrine
micro nefrin
vaponefrin
hypersensitivity, hypertension, epiglottitis
precautions to be monitored
racemic epinephrine
micro nefrin
vaponefrin
may result in tachycardia and other dysrhythmias
dose/route
racemic epinephrine
micro nefrin
vaponefrin
0.25 to 0.5 mg in 3 mL NS once by nebulizer
pedi dose/route
racemic epinepherine
micro nefrin
vaponefrin
same as adult
