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Paramedic Drugs > cardiac > Flashcards

cardiac Flashcards

1
Q 
name/class
metoprolol
A

lopressor

beta blocker

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2
Q 
name/class
lopressor
A

metoprolol

beta blocker

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3
Q

description
metoprolol
lopressor

A

metropolol is a beta-adrenergic blocking agent that reduces heart rate, cardiac output and BP

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4
Q

indications
metoprolol
lopressor

A

AMI

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5
Q

contraindictions
metoprolol
lopressor

A

cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia 0.24, asthma/COPD., inferior wall AMI

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6
Q

precautions
metoprolol
lopressor

A

hypersensitivity, hepatic or renal impairment, CHF, controlled by digitalis and diuretics, AV conduction defects, diabetics or peripheral vascular disease

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7
Q

dosage/route
metoprolol
lopressor

A

5 mg slow IV q5 min up to 3 doses while watching HR and BP

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8
Q 
name/class
milrinone
A

primacor

cardiac inotrope, vasodilator

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9
Q 
name/class
Primacor
A

Milrinone

Cardiac inotrope, vasodilator

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10
Q

description
milrinone
primacor

A

milrinone is related to amirinone and increases the strength of cardiac contraction without increasing rate, increasing cardiac output, without increasing oxygen demand

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11
Q

indications
milrinone
primacor

A

CHF

pediatric septic shock

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12
Q 
name/class
aspirin
A 
acetylsalicylic acid(alka seltzer, Bayer, Empirin, St joseph childrens)
analgesic, antipyretic, platlett inhibitor, anti inflammatory
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13
Q 
name/class
acetylsalicylic acid
A

aspirin(alka seltzer, Bayer, Empirin, St joseph childrens)

analgesic, antipyretic, platlett inhibitor, anti inflammatory

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14
Q

description
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

aspirin inhibits agents that cause the production of inflammation, pain and fever. it relieves mild to moderate pain by acting on the peripheral nervous system, lowers body temp in fever, and powerfully inhibits platelet aggregation

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15
Q

indications
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

chest pan suggestive of an MI

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16
Q

contraindictions
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

hypersensitivity to salicylates
active ulcer disorder
asthma

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17
Q

precautions
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

bleeding disorders

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18
Q

dosage/route
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

160-324 mg Po (chewable)

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19
Q 
name/class
nitroglycerin
A

nitrostat

nitrate

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20
Q 
name/class
nitrostat
A

nitroglycerin

nitrate

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21
Q

description
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

nitroglycerin is a rapid smooth muscle relaxant that reduces peripheral vascular resistance, blood pressure, venous return, and cardiac workload

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22
Q

indications
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

chest pain associated with anginia and acute myocardial infarction, and acute pulmonary edema

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23
Q

contraindictions
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

hypersensitivity, tolerance to nitrates, severe anemia, head trauma, hypotension, increased ICP, PT’s taking ED drugs, glaucoma and shock

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24
Q

precautions
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

may induce headache that is sometimes severe. nitroglycerin is light sensitive and will lose potency when exposed to air

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25
Q

dosage/routw
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

1 tablet(0.4 mg) SL. may be repeated 3-5 min up to 3 tablets or 1 inch of topical ointment or 0.4 mg(one spray) SL up to 3 sprays/25 min

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26
Q 
name/class
diltiazem
A

cardizem

calcium channel blocker

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27
Q 
name/class
cardizem
A

diltiazem

calcium channel blocker

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28
Q

description
diltiazem
cardizem

A

Diltiazem is a slow calcium channel blocker similiar to verapamil. it dilates coronary and peripheral arteries and arterioles, thus increasing circulation to the heart and reducing peripheral vascular resistance

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29
Q

indications
diltiazem
cardizem

A

supraventricular tachydysrhythmias( atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and PVST refactory to adenosine) and to increase coronary artery perfusion in anginia

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30
Q

contraindictions
diltiazem
cardizem

A

hypersensitivity,sick sinus syndrome, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, systolic BP <60, wide complex tachycardia with WPW

31
Q

precautions
diltiazem
cardizem

A

CHF(especially with bet blockers), conduction abnormalities

32
Q

dosage/route
diltiazem
cardizem

A

0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 min, may repeat as needed with 0.35 mg/kg followed by a drip of 5-10 mg/hr not to9 exceed 15 mg/hr over 24 hours

33
Q 
name/class
atropine
A

parasympatholytic

34
Q

description

atropine

A

atropine blocks the parasympathetic nervous system specifically the vagal effects on heart rate. may increase myocardial oxygen demand. decreases airway secreations

35
Q

indications

atropine

A

hemodynamically significant bradycardia, brady asystolic arrest, and organ phosphate poisoning

36
Q

contraindictions

atropine

A 
none in emergency setting
2nd degree type 2 and above heart blocks are class 2b(not recomended)
37
Q

precautions

atropine

A

AMI, Glaucoma

38
Q

dosage/route

Atropine

A

symptomatic bradycardia: 0.5mg-1mg IV/IO ET repeat 3-5 min to 3 mg

39
Q

pedi dosage/route

Atropine

A

0.02 mg/kg IV, 0.04 mg/kg ET may repeat in 5 min upto 1 mg

40
Q 
name/class
epinephrine
A

adrenalin

sympathomimetic

41
Q 
name/class
adrenalin
A

epinephrine

sypathomimetic

42
Q

description
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

Epinephrine is a naturally occuring catecholamine that increases heart rate, cardiac contractile force myocardial electrical activity, systemic vascular resistance and systolic blood pressure and decreases overall airway resistance and automaticity. it also, through bronchial artery constriction may reduce pulmonary congestion and increase tidal volume and vital capacity

43
Q

indications
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

to restore rhythem in cardiac arrest and severe allergic reactions

44
Q

contraindictions
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

narrow angle glacoma, hemorrhagic traumatic or cardiac shock

45
Q

cardiac arrest dosage/route
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

1mg of 1:10000 IV/3-5 min (ET 2-2.5mg 1:1000)

46
Q

pedi cardiac arrest dosage/route
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

0.01 mg/kg 1:10000 IV/IO (Et 0.1 mg/kg 1:1000) all subsequent doses 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO no max

47
Q

adult bradycardia dosage/route
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

(2-5 mcg/min) IV drip mix 1mg/250cc

48
Q

allergic reaction dosage/route
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

0.3 to 0.5 mg of 1:1000 Im/ 5-15 min as needed or 0.5 to 1 mg of 1:10000 IV if IM dose ineffective or severe reaction consider IV drip 2-10 mcg/min if severe

49
Q

pedi allergic reaction dosage/route
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

0.01 mg/kg(max 0.5) of 1:1000 IM/10-15 min or 0.01 mg/kg of 1:10000 IV ig IM dose ineffective or severe

50
Q

asthms/copd dosage/route
epinephrine
adrenalin

A

0.01 mg/kg to max of 0.3 mg 1:1000 SQ

51
Q 
name/class
dopamine
A

intropin

sympathomimetic

52
Q 
name/class
intropin
A

dopamine

sympathomimetic

53
Q

description
dopamine
intropin

A

dopamine is a naturally occuring catecholine that increases cardiac output without appreciably increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. it maintains renal and mesentric blood flow while inducing vasoconstriction and increasing systolic blood pressure

54
Q

indications
dopamine
intropin

A

nonhypovolemic hypotension w/o aggressive fluid resuscitation, tachydysrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation and pheochromocytoma

55
Q

precautions
dopamine
intropin

A

ensure adequate fluid resusication of the hypovelemic PT

56
Q

dosage/route
dopamine
intropin

A

2-5 mcg/kg/min up to 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to effect

57
Q

pedi dosage/route
dopamine
intropin

A

Same as adult

2-5 mcg/kg/min up to 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to effect

58
Q 
name/class
dobutamine
A

dobutrex

sympathomimetic

59
Q 
name/class
dobutrex
A

dobutamine

sympathomimetic

60
Q

description
dobutamine
dobutrex

A

dobutamine is a synthetic catecholine and beta agent that increases the strength of cardiac contraction w/o appreciably increasing rate

61
Q

indications
dobutamine
dobutrex

A

to increase cardiac output in congestive heart failure/cardiogenic shock

62
Q

contraindictions
dobutamine
dobutrex

A

hypersensitivity to sympathomimetic amines, ventricullar tachycardia and hypovolemia w/o fluid resuscitation

63
Q

precautions
dobutamine
dobutrex

A

atrial fibrillation

preexisting hypertension

64
Q

dosage/route
dobutamine
dobutrex

A

2-20 mcg/kg/min IV

65
Q

pedi dosage/route
dobutamine
dobutrex

A

same as adult

2-20 mcg/kg/min IV

66
Q 
name/class
isoproterenol
A

isuprel

sympathomimetic

67
Q 
name/class
isuprel
A

isoproterenol

sympathomimetic

68
Q

description
isoproterenol
isuprel

A

isoproternol is a synthetic sympathomimetic that results in increased cardiac output by imncreasing the strength of cardiac contraction and some what increasing rate

69
Q

indications
isoproterenol
isuprel

A

bradycardia refactory to atropine when pacing is not available

70
Q

contraindictions
isoproterenol
isuprel

A

cardiogenic shock

71
Q

precautions
isoproterenol
isuprel

A

tachydysrhythmias and those associated with digitalis and acute myocardial infarction

72
Q

dosage/route
isoproterenol
isuprel

A

2-10 mcg/min titrated to cardiac rate

73
Q

pedi dosage/route
isoproterenol
isuprel

A

0.1 mcg/kg/min titrated to cardiac rate

Paramedic Drugs (12 decks)

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