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cardiac Flashcards

1
Q 
name/class
metoprolol
A

lopressor

beta blocker

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2
Q 
name/class
lopressor
A

metoprolol

beta blocker

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3
Q

description
metoprolol
lopressor

A

metropolol is a beta-adrenergic blocking agent that reduces heart rate, cardiac output and BP

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4
Q

indications
metoprolol
lopressor

A

AMI

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5
Q

contraindictions
metoprolol
lopressor

A

cardiogenic shock, sinus bradycardia 0.24, asthma/COPD., inferior wall AMI

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6
Q

precautions
metoprolol
lopressor

A

hypersensitivity, hepatic or renal impairment, CHF, controlled by digitalis and diuretics, AV conduction defects, diabetics or peripheral vascular disease

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7
Q

dosage/route
metoprolol
lopressor

A

5 mg slow IV q5 min up to 3 doses while watching HR and BP

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8
Q 
name/class
milrinone
A

primacor

cardiac inotrope, vasodilator

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9
Q 
name/class
Primacor
A

Milrinone

Cardiac inotrope, vasodilator

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10
Q

description
milrinone
primacor

A

milrinone is related to amirinone and increases the strength of cardiac contraction without increasing rate, increasing cardiac output, without increasing oxygen demand

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11
Q

indications
milrinone
primacor

A

CHF

pediatric septic shock

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12
Q 
name/class
aspirin
A 
acetylsalicylic acid(alka seltzer, Bayer, Empirin, St joseph childrens)
analgesic, antipyretic, platlett inhibitor, anti inflammatory
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13
Q 
name/class
acetylsalicylic acid
A

aspirin(alka seltzer, Bayer, Empirin, St joseph childrens)

analgesic, antipyretic, platlett inhibitor, anti inflammatory

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14
Q

description
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

aspirin inhibits agents that cause the production of inflammation, pain and fever. it relieves mild to moderate pain by acting on the peripheral nervous system, lowers body temp in fever, and powerfully inhibits platelet aggregation

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15
Q

indications
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

chest pan suggestive of an MI

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16
Q

contraindictions
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

hypersensitivity to salicylates
active ulcer disorder
asthma

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17
Q

precautions
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

bleeding disorders

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18
Q

dosage/route
aspirin
acetylsalicylic acid

A

160-324 mg Po (chewable)

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19
Q 
name/class
nitroglycerin
A

nitrostat

nitrate

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20
Q 
name/class
nitrostat
A

nitroglycerin

nitrate

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21
Q

description
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

nitroglycerin is a rapid smooth muscle relaxant that reduces peripheral vascular resistance, blood pressure, venous return, and cardiac workload

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22
Q

indications
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

chest pain associated with anginia and acute myocardial infarction, and acute pulmonary edema

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23
Q

contraindictions
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

hypersensitivity, tolerance to nitrates, severe anemia, head trauma, hypotension, increased ICP, PT’s taking ED drugs, glaucoma and shock

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24
Q

precautions
nitroglycerin
nitrostat

A

may induce headache that is sometimes severe. nitroglycerin is light sensitive and will lose potency when exposed to air

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25
dosage/routw nitroglycerin nitrostat
1 tablet(0.4 mg) SL. may be repeated 3-5 min up to 3 tablets or 1 inch of topical ointment or 0.4 mg(one spray) SL up to 3 sprays/25 min
26
``` name/class diltiazem ```
cardizem | calcium channel blocker
27
``` name/class cardizem ```
diltiazem | calcium channel blocker
28
description diltiazem cardizem
Diltiazem is a slow calcium channel blocker similiar to verapamil. it dilates coronary and peripheral arteries and arterioles, thus increasing circulation to the heart and reducing peripheral vascular resistance
29
indications diltiazem cardizem
supraventricular tachydysrhythmias( atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and PVST refactory to adenosine) and to increase coronary artery perfusion in anginia
30
contraindictions diltiazem cardizem
hypersensitivity,sick sinus syndrome, 2nd or 3rd degree heart block, systolic BP <60, wide complex tachycardia with WPW
31
precautions diltiazem cardizem
CHF(especially with bet blockers), conduction abnormalities
32
dosage/route diltiazem cardizem
0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 min, may repeat as needed with 0.35 mg/kg followed by a drip of 5-10 mg/hr not to9 exceed 15 mg/hr over 24 hours
33
``` name/class atropine ```
parasympatholytic
34
description | atropine
atropine blocks the parasympathetic nervous system specifically the vagal effects on heart rate. may increase myocardial oxygen demand. decreases airway secreations
35
indications | atropine
hemodynamically significant bradycardia, brady asystolic arrest, and organ phosphate poisoning
36
contraindictions | atropine
``` none in emergency setting 2nd degree type 2 and above heart blocks are class 2b(not recomended) ```
37
precautions | atropine
AMI, Glaucoma
38
dosage/route | Atropine
symptomatic bradycardia: 0.5mg-1mg IV/IO ET repeat 3-5 min to 3 mg
39
pedi dosage/route | Atropine
0.02 mg/kg IV, 0.04 mg/kg ET may repeat in 5 min upto 1 mg
40
``` name/class epinephrine ```
adrenalin | sympathomimetic
41
``` name/class adrenalin ```
epinephrine | sypathomimetic
42
description epinephrine adrenalin
Epinephrine is a naturally occuring catecholamine that increases heart rate, cardiac contractile force myocardial electrical activity, systemic vascular resistance and systolic blood pressure and decreases overall airway resistance and automaticity. it also, through bronchial artery constriction may reduce pulmonary congestion and increase tidal volume and vital capacity
43
indications epinephrine adrenalin
to restore rhythem in cardiac arrest and severe allergic reactions
44
contraindictions epinephrine adrenalin
narrow angle glacoma, hemorrhagic traumatic or cardiac shock
45
cardiac arrest dosage/route epinephrine adrenalin
1mg of 1:10000 IV/3-5 min (ET 2-2.5mg 1:1000)
46
pedi cardiac arrest dosage/route epinephrine adrenalin
0.01 mg/kg 1:10000 IV/IO (Et 0.1 mg/kg 1:1000) all subsequent doses 0.1 mg/kg IV/IO no max
47
adult bradycardia dosage/route epinephrine adrenalin
(2-5 mcg/min) IV drip mix 1mg/250cc
48
allergic reaction dosage/route epinephrine adrenalin
0.3 to 0.5 mg of 1:1000 Im/ 5-15 min as needed or 0.5 to 1 mg of 1:10000 IV if IM dose ineffective or severe reaction consider IV drip 2-10 mcg/min if severe
49
pedi allergic reaction dosage/route epinephrine adrenalin
0.01 mg/kg(max 0.5) of 1:1000 IM/10-15 min or 0.01 mg/kg of 1:10000 IV ig IM dose ineffective or severe
50
asthms/copd dosage/route epinephrine adrenalin
0.01 mg/kg to max of 0.3 mg 1:1000 SQ
51
``` name/class dopamine ```
intropin | sympathomimetic
52
``` name/class intropin ```
dopamine | sympathomimetic
53
description dopamine intropin
dopamine is a naturally occuring catecholine that increases cardiac output without appreciably increasing myocardial oxygen consumption. it maintains renal and mesentric blood flow while inducing vasoconstriction and increasing systolic blood pressure
54
indications dopamine intropin
nonhypovolemic hypotension w/o aggressive fluid resuscitation, tachydysrhythmias, ventricular fibrillation and pheochromocytoma
55
precautions dopamine intropin
ensure adequate fluid resusication of the hypovelemic PT
56
dosage/route dopamine intropin
2-5 mcg/kg/min up to 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to effect
57
pedi dosage/route dopamine intropin
Same as adult | 2-5 mcg/kg/min up to 20 mcg/kg/min titrated to effect
58
``` name/class dobutamine ```
dobutrex | sympathomimetic
59
``` name/class dobutrex ```
dobutamine | sympathomimetic
60
description dobutamine dobutrex
dobutamine is a synthetic catecholine and beta agent that increases the strength of cardiac contraction w/o appreciably increasing rate
61
indications dobutamine dobutrex
to increase cardiac output in congestive heart failure/cardiogenic shock
62
contraindictions dobutamine dobutrex
hypersensitivity to sympathomimetic amines, ventricullar tachycardia and hypovolemia w/o fluid resuscitation
63
precautions dobutamine dobutrex
atrial fibrillation | preexisting hypertension
64
dosage/route dobutamine dobutrex
2-20 mcg/kg/min IV
65
pedi dosage/route dobutamine dobutrex
same as adult | 2-20 mcg/kg/min IV
66
``` name/class isoproterenol ```
isuprel | sympathomimetic
67
``` name/class isuprel ```
isoproterenol | sympathomimetic
68
description isoproterenol isuprel
isoproternol is a synthetic sympathomimetic that results in increased cardiac output by imncreasing the strength of cardiac contraction and some what increasing rate
69
indications isoproterenol isuprel
bradycardia refactory to atropine when pacing is not available
70
contraindictions isoproterenol isuprel
cardiogenic shock
71
precautions isoproterenol isuprel
tachydysrhythmias and those associated with digitalis and acute myocardial infarction
72
dosage/route isoproterenol isuprel
2-10 mcg/min titrated to cardiac rate
73
pedi dosage/route isoproterenol isuprel
0.1 mcg/kg/min titrated to cardiac rate

Paramedic Drugs (12 decks)

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