respiration (B1.3) Flashcards
metabolic rate
the rate at which the body uses energy
What are carbohydrates
Some carbohydrates are polymers which mean that they are made up of smaller molecules.
What are proteins
Proteins are polymers. They are formed from amino acids.
What are lipids used for
- A good store of energy
- Insulation
- Buoyancy
Where does your energy come from
Chemical stores in food
Aerobic respiration/formula
Respiration that requires oxygen
Glucose +Oxygen ———> Carbon dioxide + water
What is ATP
(adenosine triphosphate) main energy source that cells use for most of their work
How is ATP used during respiration?
To synthesise larger molecules from smaller ones to make new cell material
For movement : animals in the ATP to contract the muscle cells enabling the organism to move
To stay warm
How do cramps and stitches occur
When lactic acidosis builds up
this substance is formed when your body has to respire without oxygen
What does anaerobic respiration do
Allows the body to transfer extra energy for a short period of time
Word equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose ——> lactic acid
What are the two reasons our bodies normally respire aerobically?
Aerobic respiration produces more ATP molecules per glucose molecule then anaerobic respiration produces .it has a greater yield .this is because the glucose molecule is fully broken down
The lactic acid produces from anaerobic respiration can cause cramp .when lactic acid buildup in the muscle cells it causes pain in the muscle stop contracting. this is known as fatigue
What is oxygen debt
When you have finished exercising you keep on breathing heavily. the extra oxygen you inhale reacts with the lactic acid breaking it down.
Where else does anaerobic respiration take place?
In plant cells and microorganisms
What is fermentation?
Anaerobic respiration in micro organisms on the plant cells ethanol and carbon dioxide instead of lactic acid
