Autumn term 1 - spring term 1 GEO Flashcards
Plate boundary
where edges of 2 plates touch
tectonic
pieces of the earth’s crust
crust
the cold hard outer layer of the earth
core
the center of the earth
continental drift
the slow movement of earths plates
oceanic crust
earths crust located under the sea.It is 100km deep.
continental crust
200km deep and has a temperature of 20 defrees celcius
ridge push
when the force of gravity moves a plate downward and away from a ridge
Explain why the oceanic plate is pulled down under the continental plate
The oceanic plate is pulled down under the continental plate because it is more dense/heavier ,so gravity pulls it down,Also the continental plate is less dense.
volcano
An opening in the earth’s crust through which lava,volcanic ash, and gases escape
earthquake
sudden ground shaking caused by movement in the earth’s crust
mountain belt
A long chain of mountains
mid-oceanic ridge
A continuous chain of volcanoes either side of speaking
oceanic trench
A very deep narrow valley on the ocean floor
divergent/constructive
transform/conservative
convergent/destructive
Where plates move apart allowing molten rock to rise from the mantle
where plates move past each other in opposite direction.
Where a plate moves towards or under another plate.
Pangea
In the Pangea, all the continents were connected and it was one ‘super-continent’. After(today) all the continents are separate and is broken into 7 continents
What was Alfred Wegener’s theory about continental drift?
Wegener published a paper explaining his theory that the continental landmasses were “drifting” across the Earth, sometimes smashing through oceans and into each other. He called this movement continental drift.
seismic wave
epicentre
focus
The waves of energy caused by the sudden movement of the plates
The area on the surface directly above the earthquake
The point beneath Earth’s surface where rock breaks under stress and causes an earthquake
composite volcano
Cone shaped volcano built up of many layers
magma
semi molten rock under the crust
lava
liquid rock erupting from a volcano
shield volcano
a broad domed volcano, with gently sloping sides. Formed by fluid lava
dormant volcano
not erupting at he moment but could still erupt
extinct volcano
no eruptions for 10,000 yrs and not expected to erupt again
Berlin conference
Where 14 European countries met in 1884-5 to divide the continent of Africa among themselves
Colonialism
Where an area is ruled by a foreign power
conflict diamonds
precious stones found and sold through illegal means
desertification
When land becomes drier and degraded
development
The process of change by which people reach an acceptable standard of living or quality of life.
great rift valley
A part of East Africa formed by tectonic activity
imperialist
imposing influence through military force,economic dominance or diplomacy
King Leopold II
Second king of Belgium from 1865-1909 who controlled the Congo free state
migrate
To move from one place to another in order to live there
stereotype
A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea particular type of person or thing
Climate zones
An area that has its own distinct climate.They also have their own type of vegetation and wildlife
climate
long term average temperature and precipitation
climate change
a long term change in the earth’s climate
polar
very cold temperatures and some precipitation that falls as snow
temperate
mild temperatures and moderate rainfall
tropical
High temperatures and lots of rain
warm/subtropical
warm with low rainfall
greenhouse gas
A gas that traps solar radiation/heat on earth
