Cells(B1.1) Flashcards
Eukaryotic cell
membrane bound organelles
contain genetic information in a nucleus
prokaryotic cells
non-membrane bound organelles
Do not contain a nucleus
Their genetic information floats around in the cytoplasm
nucleus
controls the cell
contains genetic information
cell membrane
Controls what goes in and out of the cell
mitochondrion
Where respiration takes place
cytoplasm
A jellylike substance where most chemical reactions happens.
chloroplast
Contains chlorophyll which is needed for photosynthesis
vacuole
contains cell sap,keeps the cell rigid and keeps the cell upright
cell wall
outer layer of the cell made from celluose. Makes the wall rigid and supports the cell.
What is bacteria?
microscopic single-celled organisms that have the capability of reproducing on their own without a host.
flagellum
A long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move.
pili
tiny hairlike structures that enable the cell to attach to structures, such as the cells that align to your digestive tract. They also genetic material between bacteria.
slime capsule
The layer outside the cell wall in bacterial cells that protects a bacterium from drying out and from poisonous substances. It also helps the bacteria to stick to surfaces.
plasmid
circular ring of DNA that is used to store extra genes.
What is a light microscope?
A microscope that uses a series of glass lenses and visible light to magnify an image. This microscope magnifies images up to 1,000 times the actual size.
methylene blue’s use in microscopy
Used to make it easier to see the nucleus of an animal cell
iodine’s use in microscopy
This makes it easier to see plant cell nuclei
crystal violet’s use in microscopy
This stains bacterial cell walls
The resolution of a microscope
The smallest distance between two points that can be seen as separate entities.
Electron microscope
a microscope that focuses a beam of electrons to magnify objects
Transmission electron microscope (TEM)
a microscope that passes an electron beam through very thin sections of the sample to produce an image by a beam focusing on it.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Produces a 3d image of a surface. They send a beam of electrons across the surface of a specimen. The reflected electrons are collected to produce and image.
Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
Produces a 3d image of a surface. They send a beam of electrons across the surface of a specimen. The reflected electrons are collected to produce and image.
