RESPIRATION And Gad Exchange Of Human Flashcards
COMPare between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration
aerobic releases much energy
uses oxygen gas
produces water but no ethanol or lactic acid
anaerobic releases very little energ,does not use oxygen gas,ethanol or lactic acid are produced but no water
word equation of anaerobic respiration in animals
glucose=lactic acid+2atp
word equation of anaerobic respiration of plants and yeast
glucose=alchol+carbon dioxide+2 atp
what is anaerobic respiration
the release of energy from food in living cells in absence of oxygen
what is aerobic respiration
the release of energy from food in living cells in the precence of oxygen
what is respiration
release of energy from food in living cells
equation of aerobic respiration
c6h12o6+6o2=6co2+6h2o
=atp
Trachea
Windpipe connect mouth to lungs
Internal intercostal muscle
Muscles between ribs to control it during exhalation and inhalation
Alvoli
Tiny air air where gas exchange takes place
Brochi
Thick tube divide into q bronchi one bronchi for each lung
Ribs
Bone structure protect internal organs such as lungs
Muscular part of diaphragm
Sheet of muscle at the bottom of the throax that helps with inhalation and exhalation
Mechanism of breath in
Diaphragm contract and flatten
External intercostal muscle contract
Ribcage pulled up
Volume inside throax increase
Pressure decrease
Air rushes into lungs
Internal intercostal muscle relax
Mechanism of breathing out
Diaphragm relax and goes back to it’s normal dome shape
External intercostal muscle relax
Ribcage pull down
Volume inside throax decrease
Pressure increase
Air moves out of lungs
Internal intercostal muscle contract
How air ways kept clean
1.respiratory tract lined by collated epithelium with goblet cell
2.goblet cell secrete mucus that is stick and thick to trap bacteria and dust
3.cillia waves to push mucus out
Adaptation of alveoli for gasexchange by diffusion
1.large surface area to increase Rate of diffusion
2.thin wall fir short diffusion distance to increase Rate of diffusion
3.large capillary network that continuesilly brings in oxygen and carry away carbondioxide to keep a large concentration gradient
4.ventillated to continuesilly bring in oxygen and carry away carbondioxide to keep large concentration gradient
5.moist which helps to dissolve gases
Causes of smoking for lungs
1.cause lung cancer
2.damahe cillia and increase mucus secretion which not swept away,bacteria in mucus cause infection (chronic bronchitis)
3.damage wall of alveoli reduce oxygen levels in blood cause lung emphysma
Cause of smoking for circulatory system
1.nicotene Rise blood pressure so fat deposits in the artery wall increase so more risk of heart attack
2.carbon monoxide bind to haemoglobin form carboxyhaemoglbin that will lower oxygen concentration in blood
Breath rate after excersise
1.during exercise muscle run short of oxygen
2.muscles respire anaerobiclly release lactic acid
3.after excersise breath rate remains high tk take in oxygen to oxidise
4.lactic acid in liver to pay for oxygen dept
Breathing rate during exercise
1.Both breath rate and depth increase
2.breathe rate increase to take in more oxygen for more aerobic respiration in muscles cells to release more energy and get rid of excess carbondioxide
Why doctors concered about promoting use of e-cigratte to young people
Non smokers may start use e-cigratte
As it can be addicted
