Ecology Flashcards
What is meant by ecology
Number of living organism of same species living in same place
Community
Different population in a habitat
Habitat
Place where living organism live
Environment
Biotic and abiotic factors
Ecosystem
Interaction between living organism and their environment
Biodiversity
Mesuare of the range of species living in ecosystem
Food chain
Diagram shows flow of energy from one organism to next beginning with producers
Food web
Network of interconnected food chain
Examples of abiotic factor
Temperature, light intensity, windspeed, soilph
Example of biotic factor
Diseases,,competition,avability of nutrtion ,predation
Producer
Organism makes its own food using energy from sunlight through photosynthesis
Consumer
Organism gets it’s energy by feeding on another organism
Decomposer
Organisms takes its energy from dead living organism and fungi
Herbivore
Takes its energy by eating plants
Carnivore
Animal gets it’s energy by eating another animal
Tropic level
Position of organism in food chain
Pyramid of energy
Shows how much energy gets transfer from one throphic level to another
How energy loss in food chain?
Respiration
Egestion
Death
Uneaten parts
Undigested
Role of nitrifyfing bacteria(nitrification)
Oxidise ammonia to nitrites to nitrates
Role of nitrogen fixing bacteria
Convert nitrogen to ammonia
Role of denitrifying bacteria(denitrfication)
Convert nitrates in soil to nitrigen
Role of Decomposers
Produce ammonia from nitrogen in protien from dead bodies
Example of green house gass
Carbondioxide, watervapour, nitrous oxides,methane, cfcs
How to reduce carbondioxide in air?
Less burning of fossil fuel
More deforestation
How to limit nitrous oxide?
Reduce burning fossil fuel
How to limit methane
1.Reduce amount of rubbish
2.Collect methane to be used as fuel
Effect of deforstation
Leaching,soil errosion, less transpiration, disturbtance in balance between carbondioxide and oxygen in atmosphere,destruction of habitats and habitats and extinction of animals
Describe process of eutrophication
Overuse of fertillizers cause leaching mineral ions into river cause algal bloom block sunlight,underwater plants not photosynthesis they will dye,nom of decomposers consume oxygen in water cause death of fish
Consequences of global warming
Rise of water level in sea due to melting ice cap cause flooding,habitat destruction,climate change and change in rainfull pattern, migration and extinction of animals
Describe Environmental pollution of sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide react with water vapour in atmosphere form acid rains
Bad affects of acidrains
Increase acidity of soil result in death of plants
Damage faeces of buildings
Erode waxy cuctile of leaf
Inhalation of sulfur dioxide cause asthma and lung damage
Increase acidity of lakes lead to death of fish
Mention 4 process happen in carbon cycle
Photosynthesis
Respiration
Combustion
Decomposition
