Respiration Flashcards
In what ways can the transferred energy during respiration be used?
- To build larger molecules from smaller ones.
- To enable muscle contraction in animals.
- To maintain a constant body temperature.
- To move materials into cells against the concentration gradient.
- To build sugars, nitrates etc into amino acids and then proteins in plants.
Apart from the levels of carbon dioxide, how else can respiration be detected/rate of respiration be calculated?
A rise in temperature.
Why must we respire more quickly when running?
The muscle cells require more energy so they can contract. They, therefore, need more oxygen and glucose.
What happens to the blood vessels when exercising?
They dilate to carry more oxygen.
What do muscles do with glucose?
They store it as glycogen so it can be converted to glucose during exercise.
What is produced when we respire anaerobically?
Lactic acid.
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration?
glucose = lactic acid
What is the build-up of lactic acid known as?
An oxygen debt.
What happens to lactic acid after exercise?
It is fully broken down into carbon dioxide and water.
What is the equation for when the oxygen debt is repaid?
Lactic acid + oxygen = carbon dioxide + water
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called?
Fermentation.
What do yeast cells (and plant cells) produce when respiring anaerobically?
Ethanol and carbon dioxide.
What do some bacteria cells, like in yoghurt production, produce when respiring anaerobically?
Lactic acid.
