Respiration Flashcards
What is respiration
The transferring of energy from glucose to every cell
Name three things respiration is used for
To build up larger molecules from smaller ones
Muscles to contract
Regulate body temp
In a cell what are chemical reactions controlled by
Enzymes
Name three large molecules that are made from smaller ones
- small glucose molecules are joined together to make start
- lipid molecules are made from one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids
- glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids then proteins
Larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones.
Why is glucose broken down
For respiration as respiration transfers energy to power all reactions in the body that makes molecules
Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones
Why is protein broken down
It’s broken down to produce urea so it can be excreted
What is metabolism
The sum of all reactions that happen in a cell or the body
Aerobic respiration uses…
Oxygen
Where does aerobic respiration take place
Mitochondria
Give the symbol and word equation for AEROBIC respiration
Glucose + oxygen ➡️ carbon dioxide + water
C6H12O6 + 6O2 ➡️ 6CO2 + 6H2O
What is ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
- without oxygen
- incomplete breakdown of glucose
What does Anaerobic respiration produce
Latic acid
Why doesn’t anaerobic respiration produce enough energy
He glucose is not fully oxidised
What is the word equation for ANAEROBIC respiration
Glucose➡️Latic acid
Plant and yeast cells can respire…
Without oxygen
What is produced from respiration in yeast and plant cells
Ethanol and carbon dioxide
Fermentation is…
Respiration in yeast cells
What is the word equation for respiration in yeast and plant cells
Glucose➡️ ethanol + carbon dioxide
What is respiration in plants and yeast cells used for in the drinks and food industry
Ethanol makes alcohol
Carbon dioxide makes bread rise
Why do you respire more when you exercise
- muscles need energy to contract
- they contract more frequently in exercise
- breathing rate and breath volume increases to get more oxygen in the blood
- the heart rate increases to get more oxygenated blood around the body
- this removes carbon dioxide more quickly
What is oxygen debt
- when you have to “repay” the oxygen that you didn’t get to your muscles in time
- this is because the lungs heart and blood could not keep up with the demand earlier
Why do you breathe harder in oxygen debt
-to get more oxygen into the blood to be transported to the muscle cells
What is your pulse and breathing rate like during oxygen debt and why
Huh because the high levels of Latic acid and carbon dioxide
How does the body cope with high levels of Latic acid
Transports it to the liver to get converted back to glucose
