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Biology (9-1) Gcse higher > Respiration > Flashcards

Respiration Flashcards

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1
Q

What is respiration

A

The transferring of energy from glucose to every cell

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2
Q

Name three things respiration is used for

A

To build up larger molecules from smaller ones
Muscles to contract
Regulate body temp

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3
Q

In a cell what are chemical reactions controlled by

A

Enzymes

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4
Q

Name three large molecules that are made from smaller ones

A
  • small glucose molecules are joined together to make start
  • lipid molecules are made from one molecule of glycerol and three fatty acids
  • glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make amino acids then proteins
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5
Q

Larger molecules are broken down into smaller ones.

Why is glucose broken down

A

For respiration as respiration transfers energy to power all reactions in the body that makes molecules

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6
Q

Large molecules are broken down into smaller ones

Why is protein broken down

A

It’s broken down to produce urea so it can be excreted

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7
Q

What is metabolism

A

The sum of all reactions that happen in a cell or the body

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8
Q

Aerobic respiration uses…

A

Oxygen

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9
Q

Where does aerobic respiration take place

A

Mitochondria

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10
Q

Give the symbol and word equation for AEROBIC respiration

A

Glucose + oxygen ➡️ carbon dioxide + water

C6H12O6 + 6O2 ➡️ 6CO2 + 6H2O

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11
Q

What is ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

A
  • without oxygen

- incomplete breakdown of glucose

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12
Q

What does Anaerobic respiration produce

A

Latic acid

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13
Q

Why doesn’t anaerobic respiration produce enough energy

A

He glucose is not fully oxidised

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14
Q

What is the word equation for ANAEROBIC respiration

A

Glucose➡️Latic acid

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15
Q

Plant and yeast cells can respire…

A

Without oxygen

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16
Q

What is produced from respiration in yeast and plant cells

A

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

17
Q

Fermentation is…

A

Respiration in yeast cells

18
Q

What is the word equation for respiration in yeast and plant cells

A

Glucose➡️ ethanol + carbon dioxide

19
Q

What is respiration in plants and yeast cells used for in the drinks and food industry

A

Ethanol makes alcohol

Carbon dioxide makes bread rise

20
Q

Why do you respire more when you exercise

A
  • muscles need energy to contract
  • they contract more frequently in exercise
  • breathing rate and breath volume increases to get more oxygen in the blood
  • the heart rate increases to get more oxygenated blood around the body
  • this removes carbon dioxide more quickly
21
Q

What is oxygen debt

A
  • when you have to “repay” the oxygen that you didn’t get to your muscles in time
  • this is because the lungs heart and blood could not keep up with the demand earlier
22
Q

Why do you breathe harder in oxygen debt

A

-to get more oxygen into the blood to be transported to the muscle cells

23
Q

What is your pulse and breathing rate like during oxygen debt and why

A

Huh because the high levels of Latic acid and carbon dioxide

24
Q

How does the body cope with high levels of Latic acid

A

Transports it to the liver to get converted back to glucose

Biology (9-1) Gcse higher (5 decks)

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