Biogenetics Flashcards
What does the chemical symbol C6H12O6 represent
Glucose
What is meant by a limiting factor for the rate of photosynthesis
A factor that stops photosynthesis happening any faster
Explain why the rate of photosynthesis decreases if the temperature is too high
Enzymes become denatured so the rate of photosynthesis rapidly decreases
What could you measure to show the rate of photosynthesis
Oxygen production
What is the inverse square law for light intensity
1➗distance2
Why might a farmer want to increase the rate of photosynthesis in her green house of tomatoes
So they grow bigger and be can sold for a bigger profit
Give two examples of how animals use the energy transferred by respiration
To contract muscles
To regulate body temperature
What is metabolism
The sum of all reactions that happen in a cell or the body
What are the reactants of aerobic respiration
Glucose and oxygen
What is the process of anaerobic respiration in a yeast called
Fermentation
State three changes that take place in the body during vigorous exercise
Breathing rate increases breath volume increases and heart rate increases
Where in a plant cell does photosynthesis take place
The chloroplasts
How is energy transferred to a plant from its environment for photosynthesis
Light energy is transferred to the chloroplasts from the environment
What is an endothermic reaction
Taking in heat from surroundings
Name the products of photosynthesis
Glucose and oxygen
What type of molecule is formed from combining glucose molecules with nitrate ions
Makes amino acids which makes protein molecules
Why do plants store glucose as starch
So it’s ready for use when there is a decrease is photosynthesis or when it can’t happen eg winter
What effect would a low carbon dioxide concentration have on the rate of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis would decrease as it’s needed to carry out photosynthesis
What effect would very low temperature have on the rate of photosynthesis
Photosynthesis would decrease because the enzymes are denatured
Describe a method that could be used to measure the effect of light intensity on the rate photosynthesis
1) put a source of light at a distance away from pond weed
2) leave be pond weed to photosynthesise so oxygen can be produced and go into the capillary tube
3) measure the size of the bubble using a ruler in the syringe
4) control variables such as temperature and time
5) repeat at different distances
In the inverse square law how are light intensity and distance linked
As distance increases light intensity decreases so they are inversely proportional
Give one way that the temperature can be decreased in a green house
Use shades and ventilation to decrease temperature
Give one way that the level of carbon dioxide can be increased in a green house
Use a paraffin heater
What is respiration
The process of transferring energy for glucose which goes into every cell
What is an exothermic reaction
A reaction that gives out energy
What process transfers energy to make new molecules in cells
Respiration
Give three examples of metabolic reactions
Lots of small glucose molecules joining together to form starch
Glycerol and three fatty acids join up to make a lipid
Glucose is combined with nitrate ions to make proteins
Name the products of aerobic respiration
Carbon dioxide and water
What is produced by anaerobic respiration in muscle cells
Latic acid
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in yeast cells
Glucose ➡️ ethanol + carbon dioxide
Name two of the products of the food and drink industry that fermentation is needed for
Ethanol is used for alcohol
Carbon dioxide is used to make bread to make it rise
What happens to the muscles when they become fatigued
Latic acid builds up in the muscles which is painful
In what organ is Latic acid converted back to glucose
Liver
