Organisation Flashcards by Deleted Deleted

What is meant by an organ system

A group of organs working together to perform a particular function

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What is meant by optimum PH

The PH at which the enzyme works best

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Which enzyme digests
A) starch
B) protein
C) lipids

A) amylase
B) protease
C) lipase

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What are the products of the digestion of
A) starch
B) protein
C) lipids

A) simple sugars
B) amino acids
C) fatty acids and glycerol

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Which three parts of the digestion system produce protease enzymes

Pancreas
Stomach
Small intestine

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Describe how you prepare a food sample

1) break up the piece of food in a pestle and mortar
2) put the ground up food into a beaker of distilled water
3) stir to dissolve the food
4) filer with filter paper to get rid of solid bits of food

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What is the name of the tubes that the trachea splits into

Bronchi

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What is the function of coronary heart disease

Carries oxygenated blood to the heart and organs

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What is an artificial pacemaker

An electrical device that regulates heart beat

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What do veins do

Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart

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Describe the purpose of platelets

To clot wounds

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Which vessels are affected in coronary heart disease

Arteries

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What device can be used to keep an artery open

Stent or graft

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Give three risks associated with getting one of these devices fitted

There is a risk of infection blood clot and complications during the operation

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What is an artificial heart

A mechanical device that put into a person to pump blood of the person’s heart fails

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What is meant by health?

The state of physical and mental well-being

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What does it mean if a disease is communicable

It can spread from person to person

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Give an example of a national financial cost associated with non communicable diseases

Money is needed to research and treat the diseases

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Give an example of a type of risk factor other than an aspect of a person’s lifestyle

The presence of substances in a person’s body or substances in the environment

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Describe the characteristics of the meristem tissue

This tissue is found at the rowing tips of roots and shoots and is able to differentiate into lots of different types of plant cells

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Which Layer of plant tissue contains a lot of chloroplast

Palisade and mesophyll tissue

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True or false substance pass in both directions through xylem vessels

False

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What is a tissue

Tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function

Give an example of a human organ system

Digestion system

Why can enzymes be described as biological catalysis

They speed up the break down of chemical reactions in the body with out being used up

What does it mean when an enzyme has been denature

It’s active site and shape has changed so it no longer works and is destroyed

Describe how you could investigate the effect of pH on the rate of amylase activity

1) put a drop of iodine solution into a spotting tile 2) put a beaker if water on top of the tripod and heat the water until it is at 35°C (uses a thermometer) 3) add 1 cm3 of amylase solution and 1cm3 of a buffer solution with a pH of 5 to a boiling tube and put into the beaker of water 4) use a different syringe and add 5cm3 of starch solution to a boiling tube 5) mix the contents and start the stop watch 6) record how long it takes for the amylase to break down all of he starch by using a dropping pipette to take a sample from the boiling tube every 30 seconds. When the iodine solution goes browny orange starch is no longer present

List the three places where amylase is made in the human body

Salivary glands Pancreas Small intestine

What is the role of lipases

They are found in the small intestine and pancreas and break down lipids Into fatty acids and glycerol

Where is bile stored

Gall bladder

Name the solution that you would use to test for the presence of lipids in a good sample

Sudan III (3)

What do you use to test for sugar and what colour does the solution go when sugar is present

Benedicts and goes from blue to brick red or yellow or green depending on sugar concentration

How do you tests for starch and what colour does the solution go

Iodine solution and the solution goes from browny orange to blue black

What do you use to test for protein

Biuret and the solution goes from blue to pink or purple

Explain the role the alveoli play in gas exchange

Carbon dioxide diffuses out of be blood capillaries and out the alveolus and oxygen diffuses in

Explain why the circulatory system in humans is described as a double circulatory system

The right side of heart/ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood and the left side/ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the body

Name the four chambers of the heart

Right ventricle Right atrium Left ventricle Left atrium

How are arteries adapted to carrying blood away from the heart

Artery walls are elastic and has thick layers of muscle

Why do red blood cells not have a nucleus

It allows more room to carry oxygen

Name the pigment in red blood cells

Haemoglobin

What is the function of plasma

Carries nutrients glucose amino acids urea red white blood cells platelets antibodies and antitoxins around the body

Give two advantages of statins

Reduces bad cholesterol and reduced risk of getting cardiovascular disease and increase good cholesterol

What is the name given to a replacement heart valve that is man made

Mechanical valves

Give a factor other than disease that can affect health

Diet or life situation (if you have access to medicine)

Give an example of where different types of disease might interact in the body

Lung cancer interacts with the lungs

Give one risk factor of type 2 diabetes

Obesity

Which type of tumour is cancerous

Malignant because cells break off the tumour and into the blood stream and attack healthy tissue

Which type of tumour is not cancerous

Benign because the tumour stays in one place

List the tissues that make up a leaf

1) epidermal tissue 2) palisade mesophyll tissue 3) spongy mesophyll tissue 4) epidermal tissue

Explain how the structure of the upper epidermal tissue in a leaf is related to its function

It’s transparent so light can travel through it to the palisade layer where there chloroplasts are for photosynthesis

What is the he function of the phloem

To transport food substances which is made in the leaves to the rest of the plant for immediate use or storage

What is the function of the xylem

To carry water and mineral ions from the roots and out of the leaves

What is transpiration

The loss of water from the plant by evaporation and diffusion

Name the type of cell that helps to open and close the stomata

The guard cells

What is the purpose of the palisade mesophyll tissue

It has lots of chloroplasts so it’s where most of the photosynthesis happens

What is the function of the spongy mesophyll tissue

Contains big air spaces for gasses to diffuse in and out