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Biology (9-1) Gcse higher > Organisation > Flashcards

Organisation Flashcards

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1
Q

What is meant by an organ system

A

A group of organs working together to perform a particular function

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2
Q

What is meant by optimum PH

A

The PH at which the enzyme works best

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3
Q

Which enzyme digests
A) starch
B) protein
C) lipids

A

A) amylase
B) protease
C) lipase

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4
Q

What are the products of the digestion of
A) starch
B) protein
C) lipids

A

A) simple sugars
B) amino acids
C) fatty acids and glycerol

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5
Q

Which three parts of the digestion system produce protease enzymes

A

Pancreas
Stomach
Small intestine

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6
Q

Describe how you prepare a food sample

A

1) break up the piece of food in a pestle and mortar
2) put the ground up food into a beaker of distilled water
3) stir to dissolve the food
4) filer with filter paper to get rid of solid bits of food

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7
Q

What is the name of the tubes that the trachea splits into

A

Bronchi

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8
Q

What is the function of coronary heart disease

A

Carries oxygenated blood to the heart and organs

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9
Q

What is an artificial pacemaker

A

An electrical device that regulates heart beat

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10
Q

What do veins do

A

Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart

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11
Q

Describe the purpose of platelets

A

To clot wounds

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12
Q

Which vessels are affected in coronary heart disease

A

Arteries

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13
Q

What device can be used to keep an artery open

A

Stent or graft

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14
Q

Give three risks associated with getting one of these devices fitted

A

There is a risk of infection blood clot and complications during the operation

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15
Q

What is an artificial heart

A

A mechanical device that put into a person to pump blood of the person’s heart fails

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16
Q

What is meant by health?

A

The state of physical and mental well-being

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17
Q

What does it mean if a disease is communicable

A

It can spread from person to person

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18
Q

Give an example of a national financial cost associated with non communicable diseases

A

Money is needed to research and treat the diseases

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19
Q

Give an example of a type of risk factor other than an aspect of a person’s lifestyle

A

The presence of substances in a person’s body or substances in the environment

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20
Q

Describe the characteristics of the meristem tissue

A

This tissue is found at the rowing tips of roots and shoots and is able to differentiate into lots of different types of plant cells

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21
Q

Which Layer of plant tissue contains a lot of chloroplast

A

Palisade and mesophyll tissue

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22
Q

True or false substance pass in both directions through xylem vessels

A

False

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23
Q

What is a tissue

A

Tissue is a group of similar cells that work together to carry out a particular function

24
Q

Give an example of a human organ system

A

Digestion system

25
Q

Why can enzymes be described as biological catalysis

A

They speed up the break down of chemical reactions in the body with out being used up

26
Q

What does it mean when an enzyme has been denature

A

It’s active site and shape has changed so it no longer works and is destroyed

27
Q

Describe how you could investigate the effect of pH on the rate of amylase activity

A

1) put a drop of iodine solution into a spotting tile
2) put a beaker if water on top of the tripod and heat the water until it is at 35°C (uses a thermometer)
3) add 1 cm3 of amylase solution and 1cm3 of a buffer solution with a pH of 5 to a boiling tube and put into the beaker of water
4) use a different syringe and add 5cm3 of starch solution to a boiling tube
5) mix the contents and start the stop watch
6) record how long it takes for the amylase to break down all of he starch by using a dropping pipette to take a sample from the boiling tube every 30 seconds. When the iodine solution goes browny orange starch is no longer present

28
Q

List the three places where amylase is made in the human body

A

Salivary glands
Pancreas
Small intestine

29
Q

What is the role of lipases

A

They are found in the small intestine and pancreas and break down lipids Into fatty acids and glycerol

30
Q

Where is bile stored

A

Gall bladder

31
Q

Name the solution that you would use to test for the presence of lipids in a good sample

A

Sudan III (3)

32
Q

What do you use to test for sugar and what colour does the solution go when sugar is present

A

Benedicts and goes from blue to brick red or yellow or green depending on sugar concentration

33
Q

How do you tests for starch and what colour does the solution go

A

Iodine solution and the solution goes from browny orange to blue black

34
Q

What do you use to test for protein

A

Biuret and the solution goes from blue to pink or purple

35
Q

Explain the role the alveoli play in gas exchange

A

Carbon dioxide diffuses out of be blood capillaries and out the alveolus and oxygen diffuses in

36
Q

Explain why the circulatory system in humans is described as a double circulatory system

A

The right side of heart/ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood and the left side/ventricle pumps oxygenated blood around the body

37
Q

Name the four chambers of the heart

A

Right ventricle
Right atrium
Left ventricle
Left atrium

38
Q

How are arteries adapted to carrying blood away from the heart

A

Artery walls are elastic and has thick layers of muscle

39
Q

Why do red blood cells not have a nucleus

A

It allows more room to carry oxygen

40
Q

Name the pigment in red blood cells

A

Haemoglobin

41
Q

What is the function of plasma

A

Carries nutrients glucose amino acids urea red white blood cells platelets antibodies and antitoxins around the body

42
Q

Give two advantages of statins

A

Reduces bad cholesterol and reduced risk of getting cardiovascular disease and increase good cholesterol

43
Q

What is the name given to a replacement heart valve that is man made

A

Mechanical valves

44
Q

Give a factor other than disease that can affect health

A

Diet or life situation (if you have access to medicine)

45
Q

Give an example of where different types of disease might interact in the body

A

Lung cancer interacts with the lungs

46
Q

Give one risk factor of type 2 diabetes

A

Obesity

47
Q

Which type of tumour is cancerous

A

Malignant because cells break off the tumour and into the blood stream and attack healthy tissue

48
Q

Which type of tumour is not cancerous

A

Benign because the tumour stays in one place

49
Q

List the tissues that make up a leaf

A

1) epidermal tissue
2) palisade mesophyll tissue
3) spongy mesophyll tissue
4) epidermal tissue

50
Q

Explain how the structure of the upper epidermal tissue in a leaf is related to its function

A

It’s transparent so light can travel through it to the palisade layer where there chloroplasts are for photosynthesis

51
Q

What is the he function of the phloem

A

To transport food substances which is made in the leaves to the rest of the plant for immediate use or storage

52
Q

What is the function of the xylem

A

To carry water and mineral ions from the roots and out of the leaves

53
Q

What is transpiration

A

The loss of water from the plant by evaporation and diffusion

54
Q

Name the type of cell that helps to open and close the stomata

A

The guard cells

55
Q

What is the purpose of the palisade mesophyll tissue

A

It has lots of chloroplasts so it’s where most of the photosynthesis happens

56
Q

What is the function of the spongy mesophyll tissue

A

Contains big air spaces for gasses to diffuse in and out

Biology (9-1) Gcse higher (5 decks)

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