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Biology > Respiration > Flashcards

Respiration Flashcards

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0
Q

What is respiration?

A

A chemical process in which energy is released from the breakdown of glucose

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1
Q

What is the sugar that is the main source of energy in living cells?

A

Glucose

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2
Q

What is ATP?

A

A high energy compound synthesised using energy from the breakdown of glucose

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3
Q

What is the chemical formed by the breakdown of glucose in glycolysis?

A

Pyruvate

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4
Q

What is the first stage of all types of respiration in which glucose is broken down to pyruvate?

A

Glycolysis

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5
Q

What is aerobic respiration?

A

It is the process of releasing energy from glucose using oxygen

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6
Q

What is anaerobic respiration?

A

It is the breakdown of glucose in cells in the absence of oxygen

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7
Q

What is the chemical formed as the end product of anaerobic respiration in animal cells?

A

Lactic acid

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8
Q

What is fatigue?

A

A condition that results from a lack of oxygen and build-up of lactic acid in muscle cells

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9
Q

What is the chemical formed along with carbon dioxide as the end products of anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?

A

Ethanol

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10
Q

Give reasons why cells need energy?

A 
~cell division and growth
~synthesis reactions
~producing heat
~movement 
~active transport
~transmissions of nerve impulses
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11
Q

What is the reason for having a series of reactions?

A

The energy is released slowly in small amounts and avoids damage to the cell

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12
Q

What is the equation for aerobic respiration?

A

Glucose + oxygen –> carbon dioxide and water

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13
Q

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in animals?

A

Glucose –> lactic acid

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14
Q

What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plant and yeast cells?

A

Glucose –> ethanol and carbon dioxide

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15
Q

What happens in the first stage of aerobic respiration (glycolysis)?

A

Glucose produces pyruvate through a series of enzyme controlled reactions

16
Q

How many ATP are produced in aerobic respiration?

A

Stage 1: 2

Stage 2: 36

17
Q

What happens during the second stage of aerobic respiration (breakdown of pyruvate)?

A

Pyruvate is broken down using oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water through a series of enzyme-controlled reactions

18
Q

How many ATP molecules are produced in anaerobic respiration?

A

Stage 1: 2

Stage 2: 0

19
Q

Where does aerobic respiration take place?

A

Cytoplasm

20
Q

What is a calorimeter?

A

It is the piece of equipment used to measure the energy content of food

Biology (12 decks)

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