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Biology > Control + Communication > Flashcards

Control + Communication Flashcards

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0
Q

What is the cerebellum?

A

Part of the brain that controls balance and coordinates muscle movements

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1
Q

What is the cerebrum?

A

It is largest part of the brain and it controls your conscious thoughts and activities

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2
Q

What is the medulla?

A

Part of the brain that controls activities we are not consciously aware of like breathing and our heart rate

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3
Q

What are the order of neurons in a reflex arc?

A

Sensory –> relay –> motor

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4
Q

What are hormones?

A

Chemical messengers that send messages from one part of the body to another

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5
Q

What is the CNS?

A

Part of the nervous system made up of the brain and spinal cord

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6
Q

What is a neuron?

A

A nerve cell

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7
Q

What is a stimulus?

A

Information from the external environment

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8
Q

What is a receptor?

A

A cell that can detect a stimulus

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9
Q

What is an effector?

A

An organ that carries out a response, usually a muscle or a gland

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10
Q

What is a reflex arc?

A

It is the pathway of three neurons that brings about a rapid, involuntary response

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11
Q

What is a synapse?

A

The gap between two adjacent neurons

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12
Q

What is the chemical which transmits a nerve impulse across a synapse?

A

Neurotransmitter

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13
Q

What is the gland that produces and releases a hormone directly into the bloodstream?

A

An endocrine gland

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14
Q

What is a target cell?

A

A cell with receptors on its surface that recognise and bind into a specific hormone

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15
Q

What is the storage carbohydrate in animal cells?

A

Glucagon

16
Q

What is the organ which produces the hormones, insulin and glucagon?

A

Pancreas

17
Q

What is insulin?

A

A hormone which stimulates cells in the liver to remove glucose from the blood and concert it to glycogen for storage

18
Q

What is diabetes?

A

A condition caused by the inability to control blood glucose level

19
Q

In animals, what are the two types of control?

A

Nervous and hormonal

20
Q

What is the function of the nervous system?

A

It is a communication system that uses electrical impulses to send messages from one part of the body to another

21
Q

What are the spinal cords protected by?

A

The vertebrae

22
Q

What is a reflex action?

A

It is a rapid automatic response to a stimulus

Biology (12 decks)

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