Respiration Flashcards
What is lung volume
The amount of air you can breathe into your lungs in single breath
What is a spirometer
A machine you blow into to measure your lung volume
What does a spirometer show
Spirogram
Nametwo things that may affect your lung volume
Some diseases and a smaller body size
Name three adaptations of lungs that make them suited to gas exchange
Good blood supply
Large surface area because of alveoli
Moist linings
What increases during exercise.
Breathing rate and depth
What does regular exercise do
Strengthen your diaphragm and intercostal muscles which helps you get more air into your lungs
What does regular exercise increase
The number and size of small blood vessels in the lungs
What does regular exercise increase the number of
Alveoli
What happens to a person if they have asthma
They are sensitive to certain things like dust that can trigger an asthma attack
What does breathing dust in do to a person with asthma
Trigger an asthma attack
What are symptoms of an asthma attack
Wheezing and difficulty breathing
What does tar in cigarettes damage
Cilia
What is cilia
Tiny hairs that line airways
What happens when cilia are damaged
They can’t push away mucus so it builds up
What does a build of mucus cause
Coughing
What diseases can damaged cilia lead to
Lung disease which makes it difficult to breath
What is bronchitis
A disease that inflames the lining of bronchi
What an model breathing
A bell jar model
What can tar lead to
Lung cancer
Describe breathing in
- Air is drawn into lungs
2.volume of chest cavity increases so pressure derceases
3.diagphram contracts (move down) - Intercostal muscles (ribs move up and down)
Describe breathing out
- Air out
2.volume decreases pressure increases
3.diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
What is the first two steps to using a bell jar model
The rubber sheet is pulled down (like a diaphragm )
The volume increases and the pressure decreases like in a chest cavity
What is the last step in a bell jar model
The balloons inflate like lungs
What is respiration
The process of releasing energy from glucose.
It is a chemical reaction that happens in every cell of every organism
What is the energy released used for
- Contracting muscles
2.keeping warm
3.building proteins
What is aerobic respiration
Respiration using oxygen
What is the equation for aerobic respiration
Glucose + oxygen arrow carbon dioxide + water
What is released in respiration but not a product of the reactant
Energy
What is anaerobic respiration
Respiration without oxygen
What does anearobic respiration release less of compared to aerobic respiration
Energy
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration for in humans
Glucose arrow lactic acid (energy )
What does happens when lactic acids build up in the muscles
It causes pain
Is yeast a microorganism
Yes
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in microorganisms
Glucose arrow ethanol +carbon dioxide
