Respiration Flashcards
Where does respiration occur?
Mitochondria
When does respiration occur?
All the time
What is the input for respiration?
Glucose and oxygen
What is the output for respiration?
Carbon dioxide and water
What is the energy source for respiration?
Chemical bonds
What happens to the energy in respiration?
It is released
What is the equation for respiration?
C6H12O6+6O2->6CO2+6H2O
Define aerobic
Requires oxygen
Define anaerobic respiration
Release of energy from food without the use of oxygen
What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Energy
What is the chemical equation for respiration?
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> 6CO2 + 6H2O
Where does the first stage of respiration occur?
Cytosol
What is the name for the first stage of respiration?
Glycolysis
Is the first stage of respiration aerobic or anaerobic?
Anaerobic
Explain what happens during glycolysis
- Glucose (6-Carbon) is broke down into 2 pyruvic acid (3-Carbon)
- Energy is released used to form ATP and NADH
- Not as efficient
Which stage of respiration is more efficient?
Stage 2
Where does stage 2 of respiration occur?
Mitochondrion
Is stage 2 of respiration aerobic or anaerobic?
Aerobic
Explain stage 2 of respiration
- Pyruvic acid enters the matrix if oxygen is present
- It then loses carbon dioxide to form a 2-carbon molecule
- It also loses some electrons used to form NADH
- This turns the pyruvic acid into Acetyl Co-enzyme A which enters the Kreb’s cycle
- Here it is broken down into Carbon Dioxide, Protons and Electrons
- Carbon Dioxide is either released into the atmosphere or can be used by chloroplast for photosynthesis
- The protons and electrons join with NAD+ to form NADH. NADH enters the Electron Transport Chain. NAD+ + 2e- + H+ -> NADH
- ADP is phosphorylated to make ATP (broken down to release energy for cellular activity)
Is the electron transport system aerobic or anaerobic?
Aerobic
Where does the electron transport system occur?
Cristae within mitochondria
What are cristae?
Inner highly folded membranes of mitochondrion
How is mitochondria adapted to respiration?
The cristae are highly folded to increase their surface area
Explain what happens in the electron transport system
- NADH from the Kreb’s cycle releases high energy electrons which is passed from protein carriers decreasing in energy as it goes on - energy is used to make ATP from ADP+P
- At the end, the low energy e- combine with oxygen and protons (H+) to form water
