Respiration Flashcards
What is glucose needed for
Draw the reactions that occur in the preparatory phase of glycolysis
Draw the reactions that occur in the payoff phase of glycolysis
What is the overall equation for glycolysis
Explain the first step of the preparatory phase of glycolysis
Explain the second step of the preparatory phase of glycolysis
Explain the third step of the preparatory phase of glycolysis
Explain the first step of the payoff phase of glycolysis (fourth step of glycolysis)
Explain the second step of the payoff phase of glycolysis (fifth step of glycolysis)
Explain the third step of the payoff phase of glycolysis (sixth step of glycolysis)
Explain the fourth step of the payoff phase of glycolysis (seventh step of glycolysis)
Explain the fifth step of the payoff phase of glycolysis (eighth step of glycolysis)
Explain the sixth step of the payoff phase of glycolysis (ninth step of glycolysis)
Explain how substrate level phosphaylation works
Draw the 2 reactions/ steps that involve substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis
Explain the possible fates of pyruvate after glycolysis
What is an isozyme
Where are the 3 regulatory points of glycolysis and how is glycolysis regulated
How can pyruvate kinase be regulated by hormones
How is PFK - 1 regulated in liver and muscle
Where does the TCA cycle take place
Give an overview of cellular respiration
Explain the link reaction
Explain how CoA works
Draw the structure of CoA
Draw the structure of pantothenic acid
What are the 2 ways to generate ATP from aerobic respiration
Ex plain each step of the TCA cycle
What is the net reaction of the TCA cycle
Why are a cofactors (NAD+ and FADH) used in theTCA cycle
Draw the structure of NAD+
Draw the structure of FADH
Draw the reduction reaction of NAD+
NAD+ can carry 2 e-
Draw the reduction reaction of FAD
FADH can carry 2 e-
What intermediates of the TCA cycle can be used in anabolism
Draw and explain the reaction to produce oxaloacetate to replenish the TCA cycle when intermediates are used for biosynthesis
What parts of the TCA cycle are allosterically regulated
How can pyruvate dehydrogenase be regulated by phosphaylation
This allows regulation of TCA cycle in response to whole organism
How can PDH kinase be regulated
How does the ETC work (Oxidative phosphorylation- op)
How are electrons passed along the ETC in op
What is complex I and what is it made up of
Why are there 2 electron carriers in complex 1
what coenzyme Qs structures as it is reduced
What is the equation for the overall reaction that occurs at complex I
Give an overview of the Q cycle redox loop mechanism
What happens in the first half of the Q cycle
What happens in the second half of the Q cycle
What is the net reaction for the Q cycle
Give an overview of cytochrome c
What happens in complex IV
Describe the characteristics of complex II
How many protons are transferred to the IMS in oxidative phosphorylation for NADH and FADH2
What is an uncoupler
Give an overview of op
Give an overview of complex III
What is the overall reaction that occurs in complex III
How does ATP synthase work
What is the structure of F1
What is the structure of F0
What is the binding change mechanism for ATP synthase
How is the rotation of the c ring of F0 powered
What is the structure of a C subunit in a C ring
How many ATP molecules are produced per 360 degrees rotation
How is ADP and inorganic phosphate transported into the matrix ( through the inner mitochondrial membrane)
