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1st year med > resp wk 4 > Flashcards

resp wk 4 Flashcards

1
Q

straw coloured pleural effusion

A

serous effusion

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2
Q

clear effusion

A

transudate

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3
Q

cloudy effusion

A

exudate (more protein)

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4
Q

blood stained effusion

A

trauma
malignancy
PE with infarct

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5
Q

frank blood effusion

A

trauma
malignancy
- esp mesothelioma

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6
Q

pus effusion

A

empyema

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7
Q

food particles in effusion

A

oesophageal rupture

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8
Q

multiple chest infections
+ purulent sputum
+ chest pain
- widened airways

A

chronic bronchial sepsis

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9
Q

d sign on cxr

A

empyema

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10
Q

widened airways

A

emphysema

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11
Q

antibody producing cells

fully differentiated

A

plasma cells

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12
Q

role in innate immunity
kills via oxidative free radicals
test function - NBT
defence against bacteria/fungus

A

neutophils

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13
Q

neutrophils

A

role in innate immunity
kills via oxidative free radicals
test function - NBT
defence against bacteria/fungus

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14
Q

plasma cells

A

antibody producing

fully differentiated

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15
Q

responds to HLA type 1 cells
directly kills via perforin
protects against viruses and tumours

A

CD8 T cells

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16
Q

CD8 T Cells

A

responds to HLA type 1 cells
directly kills via perforin
protects against viruses and tumours

17
Q 
responds to HLA type 2 molecules
activates other lymphocytes
produces cytokines
influences phagocyte functions
immune regulatory cell
A

CD4 T cell

18
Q

CD4 T Cells

A 
responds to HLA type 2 molecules
activates other lymphocytes
produces cytokines
influences phagocyte functions
immune regulatory cell
19
Q

found in blood as monocytes

phagocytotic

A

macrophage

20
Q

mast cell degradation product

measured during acute anaphylaxis

A

serum tryptase

21
Q

Causes pneumonia, or pyrexia (Q fever)
Zoonosis
Can include culture-negative endocarditis

A

Coxiella burnetti

22
Q

coxiella burnetti

A

Causes pneumonia, or pyrexia (Q fever)
Zoonosis
Can include culture-negative endocarditis

23
Q

Atypical CA pneumonia
older children and young adults
spreads from person to person

A

Mycoplasma pneumoniae

24
Q

mycoplasma pneumoniae

A

Atypical CA pneumonia
older children and young adults
spreads from person to person

25
Q

Organism causes pneumonia, acute epliglottitis and exacerbations of COPD
gram negative
cultured on chocolate agar

A

haemophilus influenzae

26
Q

haemophilus influenzae

A

organism caused pneumonia, actue epiglottitis, exacerbations of COPD
gram negative
cultured on chocolate agar

27
Q

infects children
peak incidence in winter
flu-like
confirmed by PCR.

A

metapneumovirus

28
Q

commonest cause of bronchiolitis.

Diagnosis by PCR on throat or pernasal swabs. Treatment - supportive

A

respiratory syncytial virus

29
Q

respiratory syncytial virus

A

commonest cause of bronchiolitis
diagnosis by PCR - throat, pernasal swabs
treatment- supportive

30
Q

metapneumovirus

A

infects kids
peak incidence winter
flu-like
confirmed PCR

1st year med (11 decks)

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