resp formative wk1 Flashcards
Bohr Effect
the oxygen dissociation curve is shifted to the right due to conditions in the tissues => more oxygen released
Haldane effect
as oxygen is removed from Hb, Hb’s ability to pick up CO2 and CO2 H+ ions is increased
Henry’s law
the amount of gas dissolved in a given type and volume of liquid at a constant temperature is proportional to the partial pressure of the gas in equilibrium with the liquid
synthetic glucocorticoid used to prevent inflammation in chronic asthma
ICS - inhaled beclomethasone
synthetic glucocorticoid used in severe/rapidly deteriorating asthma
ICS- Oral prednisolone
weak anti-inflam for allergic asthma (useful in kids/YAs)
inhaled sodium cromoglycate
what is internal respiration
intracellular mechanisms that consume oxygen and produce CO2
boyle’s law
at a constant temperature, the pressure exerted by a gas varies inversely with the volume of the gas
law of laplace
smaller alveoli = greater chance of collapsing
P=2T/r
Dalton’s law
the total pressure of a mixture of gases equals the sum of each of the individual gases’ partial pressures
fick’s law of diffusion
gas diffusion is inversely proportional to the surface thickness, AND proportional to the area
myoglobin dissociation curve
hyperbolic curve
haemoglobin dissociation curve
sigmoidal curve
bohr effect on haemoglobin dissociation curve
sigmoidal curve shifted to the right
site of horizontal fissure
right 4th rib
level of carina
rib 2
level of oblique fissure posteriorly
T3 vertebrae
where lung base is auscultated
T11 vertebrae
product of type II alveolar cells that opposes surface tension
alveolar surfactant
keeps visceral and parietal pleura closely opposed
can be overcome by a pneumothorax
transmural pressure gradient
whats alveolar surfactant
product of type II alveolar cells that opposes surface tension
transmural pressure gradient
keeps visceral and parietal pleura closely opposed
can be overcome by pneumothorax
keeps visceral and parietal pleura closely opposed
depends on water molecule polarity
intrapleural fluid
whats function of intrapleural fluid
keeps visceral and parietal pleura closely opposed
depends on water molecule polarity
accessory muscle of respiration in neck
sternocleidomastoid
major inspiratory muscles
diaphragm and intercostals
thoracic muscle involved in active expiration
internal intercostals
carries deoxygenated blood, drains into SVC, and arches round right root of lung
Azygous vein
arises from anterior surface of descending aorta
bronchial arteries
surrounded by vessels, may appear black on dissection
(pulmonary) lymph nodes
vol of air breathed in and out in a minute
pulmonary ventilation
pulmonary ventilation
vol of air breathed in and out in a minute
alveolar ventilation
vol of air exchanged between atmosphere and alveoli in a min
vol of air exchanged between atmosphere and alveoli in a min
alveolar ventilation
site of oblique fissure anteriorly
rib 6
the factor that most increases pulmonary ventilation
tidal volume
