resp + urine Flashcards
Selective IgA deficiency presents? Why anaphylaxis(rxn?) during transfusion?
Selective IgA deficiency presents? Why anaphylaxis during transfusion? recurrent musosal infection +autoimmune disorders + anaphylasis during transfusions (rxn:hives, swelling, SOB) because react against IgA)
Clearance, FF, GFR equations? typically what value? GFR estimates(2), RPF estimates(1)
Clearance(A) = U con(A)*Urine flow /PLASMA con(A) usually FF, GFR, = 100, 20% ; Inuline & cretiinie-slightly secreted; PAH(all secreted)
How does b-agonist treat acute COPD excercerbation(pathogens?)?
How does b-agonist treat acute COPD excercerbation(pathogens?)? By GS so CAMP for sm to relax; B2 for bronchial + uterus muscle relax
loading(or maintenace) dose = _(or _)*Cpss/bioavailablity fraction
How does cl and vd relate?
Cpss achieved in _ half-lifes and if IV, bioavailability
- loading(or maintenace) dose = vd(or CL)*Cpss/bioavailablity fraction
half life* CL= .7*vd
Cpss achieved in 4.5 half-lifes and if IV, bioavailability =1
viridans produce _for virulence
viridans produce dextrans for virulence
PAh lowest in what part of nephron? Why?
PAh lowest in? Why? PAH is primarily secreted by prox tubule
streptococcus/staphlocci = _/cluster
G+ = cocili/filament/bacilli =2/2/3= staph & strep/ nocardia/ actinomyci /clostridia & listeria, corynebac G- = diplo/cocobac/curved/bacili= 3/5/3/ rest= neiserias & moraxella/ h.infl, pertusis, (dog, cow, rabbit)
streptococcus/staphlocci = chain/cluster
GBS antibiotic given where? @ what wk?
GBS antibiotic given where? @ what wk? INTRAPARTUM ampicillin @ 35 wks because protectivity vanises after a mth.
Most microbe contaminant on expectorants?
Most microbe contaminant on expectorants? Candida is normal flora of GI(oral) & skin -> typic contaminant of sputum expectaranted; so a contaminant(like coag-staph & enterococci) unless if immunocompromised or vascular catheters.
For pyleonephritis due to UTI, NEED?
For pyleonephritis due to UTI, NEED? vesicoureteral reflux( anatomical or acquire-reccurent bladder infections may damage) to facilicitate accent
Greateast risk after asbestosis exoposure is ?
Greateast risk after asbestosis exoposure is ? bronchogenic greater than mesothelioma
all lung malignancies have paraneoplastic= squamous/ adenocarcinoma =/
2-sample t-test/chi-all lung malignancies have paraneoplastic= squamous/ adenocarcinoma = PThrp/ migratory thrombophlebitis
VItamins Thiamine deficiency presents? B2/B6 B3 Vit A/C/E/D deficiency? B12/B9
Thiamine deficiency presents? Weirknekie and beriberi (dry/wet = symmetric peripheral neuropathy/ HF)
B2/B3/B6= FAD/NAD/pyroxidine)= B6 +normo anemia/pellagra/ cheilosis, glossitis, stomatitis
Vit A/C deficiency? Night blindness, xeropthalmia, infections/ gingival swelling, petechial hemorrhages, impaired wound healing
On frontal CXR R middle lobe is next to what part of heart? What is at R/ l border of sternum?
On frontal CXR R middle lobe is next to what part of heart? What is at R/ l border of sternum? R(SVC->RA->IVC) and L(Aortic knob->pulmonary artery->LA->RV + LV)
Supine or righ lateral decubitis hypotension syndrome due to ?
Supine or righ lateral decubitis hypotension syndrome due to ? Pregnancy( wk 20) presses on IVC-> dec preload
Enterocooci grows in two?cause endocarditis under what condition?
Enterocooci grows in two?cause endocarditis under what condition? (grows in hypertonic saline & bile); cause endocardities after Gu procedures
Cadiac muscle uses _ not camouldulin?
Cadiac muscle uses troponin?? Not camouldulin?
Asthma drugs picture=prophylaxis, treatment(1), persistent severe(1):
Asthma drugs picture=prophylaxis, treatment(1), persistent severe(1): omalzumab(IgE antibody)-> cromoglycales(prevent mast cell degranulation-no histamine release)/glucocorticoids( inhib PLA2) ->antihistamiens/ zileuton(inhib lox) & montelukasts(inhib receptor); glucocorticoid 1st line treat, omalzumab for persistent sever, others for prophylaxis.
Varenicline/ nicotine? Which one is reduces withdrawal craving and dec rewarding effects? =
8754Varenicline/ nicotine? Which one is reduces withdrawal craving and dec rewarding effects? = partial/full agonist so reduced/full effect. Varenicline because as partial agonist, stimulate receptor(dec withdrawal) but not to full extent(dec rewarding effects). When do you use nicotine path?
FEV1 physiologically _ with age( smoking _rate of decline)
FEV1 physiologically declines with age( smoking increases rate of decline)
Asbestos in what part of lung? Only pneumocociu that can happen where? What bodies ?
Asbestos in what part of lung? Only pneumocociu that can happen where? What bodies ? in lower lob. pleural plaques; ferroginus bodies
Silica presents?
Berrylliosis?
Silica vrs berryliosis ? Birefringent whorled collagenous nodules surrounded by dust-laden macrophages;
Nodules vrs noncasesting granulomas
increased risk for Tb vrs increased risk for lung cancer
consolidat/pleural effusion/pneumothtorax/ atelectasis to breath sounds, fremitus, percussion? :
consolidat/pleural effusion/pneumothtorax/ atelectasis to breath sounds, fremitus, percussion? : consolidation only one with increased Breath sound & tactile fremitius others decreased. Pnuemothorax only with hyperresonance others dull.
6564adenocacinoma / sq/small/large b cell carninoma of lung hallmark on biopsy?
6564adenocacinoma / sq/small/large b cell carninoma of lung hallmark on biopsy? Ducts/ intracellular bridges + keratin pearls/ small blue cells with no cytoplasm and salt& pepper/ non of the above but stain for markers to determine origin