resp treatment Flashcards
asthma
1) SABA (salbutamol)
2) + Inhaled Corticoid Steroid (beclomethasone)
3) + LABA (salmeterol)
4) Increase steroid
5) + Leukotriene receptor antagonist (montelukast)
6) + Theophylline (methalyxine)
7) Oral prednisolone
acute asthma (OSHITMA)
Oxygen
Salbutamol
Hydrocortisone /Prednisolone
Ipratropium bromide
Magnesium sulphate
Theophylline
Anaesthetist
COPD
SAMA
LAMA
LABA + Inhaled Corticoid Steroid
acute COPD (ISOAP)
Ipratropium bromide
Salbutamol
Oxygen (24-28%)
Amoxicillin (/doxycycline)
Prednisolone (oral)
Bronchiectasis
Postural drainage 2x daily
Antibiotics according to pathogen
Idiopathic Pulmonary fibrosis
1) Treat any inflammation Ie. ground glass on HRCT
1st line treatment: Systemic Corticosteroids - oral prednisolone
2nd line treatment - Oral Azathioprine (steroid sparing)
extrinsic allergic alveolitis
1) Remove trigger factor, Dust, drug, allergen
2) Corticoidsteroids – oral Prednisolone
3) Oral Azathioprine (steroid spairing)
4) Immunosuppressives
sarcoidosis
1) Oral prednisolone
2) Oral Azathioprine (steroid sparing)
3) Immunosuppressants
4) NSAIDS
5) Monitoring
pneumonia
1) Oxygen, fluids, bed rest, no smoking
2) Antibiotics
Mild/mod – Amoxicillin
Severe – Co-amoxiclav IV + Clarithromycin/doxycycline
HAP/aspiration
Severe: IV Amoxicillin + Metronidazole + Gentamicin
(TRIPLE THERAPY)
Non-severe: Amoxicillin + Metronidazole
Tuberculosis (2RIPE 4RI)
2 months
Rifampicin (orange urine, tears)
Isoniazid (tingling extremities, muscle weakness)
Pyrazinamide (gout)
Ethambutol (colour-blindness, vision issues)
4 months
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
croup
prednisolone
cystic fibrosis
Oral antibiotics
Physio
Bronchodilators – SABAs etc
ideal = transplant
empyema
Chest drain 4/5th intercostal space mid-axillary line
epiglottis
ITU
Ceftriaxone
DO NOT INTUBATE OR USE TONGUE DEPRESSOR
Obstructive sleep apnoea
Weight reduction, avoidance of tobacco and alcohol
CPAP via nasal mask during sleep
Surgery to relieve pharyngeal obstruction
pulmonary oedema
Treatment of underlying cause
Oxygen
Loop diuretics – Frusemide
Nitrates
whooping cough
erythromycin
pneumothorax
Large
- Needle aspiration (thoracentesis)
- Chest drain
Tension
- Needle decompression with large bore cannula (grey/orange) 2nd intercostal space midclavicular line
- Oxygen 24-28%
PE
Investigations:
CTPA
V/Q scan if pregnant
Treatment:
Minor – Anticoagulants
Major without RVD – Anticoagulants
Major with RVD – Anticoagulants + Thrombolysis
Massive with shock or syncope – Thrombolysis + Surgery
bronchial cancer
Small cell – Palliative
Adenocarcinoma – Excision
Squamous cell - Excision
Large cell – Excision
mesothelioma
chemo
