anatomy high yield Flashcards
layers of resp system
skin, superficial fascia, deep fascia, pec major and serratus anterior, intercostal muscles, ribs, parietal pleura
muscles of expiration
internal ICS, abdominals
muscles of inspiration
external ICS, sternocleidomastoid, scalanus, serratus, pec minor, diaphragm
primary resp muscles
ICS muscles and diaphragm
what nerves keep the diaphragm alive
c 3 4 5
where is the phrenic nerve located
infront of hilum, most lateral
where is the vagus nerve located
behind the hilum
veins in lung hila
more anterior and inferior
arteries in hila
superior
how many lobes does the right lung have
3, superior, middle, inferior
how many lobes does the left lung
- superior and inferior
where is the bronchi in the hila
central
surface marking of horizontal fissure
rib 4
surface marking of oblique fissure
rib 6
what vertebral level is the carina
t4
surface marking of middle lobe
between rib 4-6, mid clavicular line
what vertebral level does larynx turn to trachea
c6
where do you auscultate lung bases
t11 on back
identifying which hila
left lung = P. right lung backwards p
whats in the superior mediastinum
great vessels, vagus and phrenic nerves
whats in the middle mediastinum
aorta, oesophagus, azygous vein, sympathetic chain, vagus nerves
what makes the first heart sound
closing of the tricuspid and mitral valves
what makes the second heart sound
closing of aortic and pulmonary valves
what does the right coronary supply
RA, RV, SA/AV node, 1/3 septum
what does LAD supply
LA, LV, AV node, 2/3 septum
where do the heart veins drain to
almost all drain to coronary sinus except anterior cardiac vein
where does anterior cardiac vein drain to
directly into RA
right border of heart
RA
inferior border
RV and LV
left border
LV and a little LA
superior border
RA, LA, great vessels
Anterior border
Right ventricle
Base (posterior) border
LA
Foregut
oesophagus, stomach, proximal duodenum, pancreas, liver, gallbladder, bile duct
midgut
Distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, 2/3 transverse colon
hindgut
Distal 1/3 transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, anal canal
what is the foregut supplied by
coeliac trunk, vagus nerve
what is the midgut supplied by
superior mesenteric artery, vagus nerve
what is the hindgut supplied by
inferior mesenteric artery, pelvic splanchic nerve
stomach: spinal level of cardia
T10
the fundus
top of stomach usually filled w gas
what level is the pylorus at
L1
what is the entire stomach supplied by
coeliac trunk
small intestine
made is duodenum, jejunum and ileum. jejunum and ileum supplied by superior mesenteric
large intestine
made of caecum (SMA), colon, rectum and anal canal
what is the ascending colon supplied by
ileocolic and right colic arteries from SMA
what is the transverse colon supplied by
right, middle and left colonic artery from SMA
whats in the portal triad
hepatic artery, common bile duct, portal vein
where does portal triad sit
on free edge of lesser ommentum
where does trachea start
c6
blood supply to diaphragm
phrenic arteries, especially inferior
pathways through diaphragm
I 8 10 EGGs AT 12.
IVC (T8) oesophagus and vagus nerve (T10) aorta and thoracic duct (T12)
pelvic floor formed by
levator ani muscles
what level does the oesophagus start
c7
what does coeliac trunk split into
left gastric artery, splenic artery, hepatic artery
