Resp. Pharm Flashcards
1st Gen H1 Blocker
Clorpheneramine
Diphenhydramine
Dimenhydrinate
Side Effects of 1st Gen. H1 Blocker
- Cross the CNS –> sedation
- Anti-muscarinic
- Anti- alpha adrenergic
2nd Gen H1 Blockers
“-adine”
- Loratadine
- Fexofenadine
- Cetirizine
Clinical uses for 1st & 2nd Gen H1 Antihistamines respectively
- 1st Gen
- Allergy, sleeping aid, motion sickness
- 2nd Gen
- Allergy
Albuterol MOA
Beta 2 agonist
- Increasing cAMP –> bronchodilation
- acts via Gs receptor
Theophylline MOA
Inhibits phosphodiesterase –> preventing hydrolysis of cAMP
Muscarinic Antagonists used in asthma/bronchitis
Ipratropium & Tiotropium
- Competitive inhibition of muscarinic receptors
- Tiotropium is longer lasting
Corticosteroids used in Asthma/Bronchitis
- Fluticasone
- Beclamethasone
- inactivate NFkß –> decreased transcription of TNF alpha
**1st line Tx for chronic asthma**
Antileukotrienes & Their respective targets
- Zileuton —> Inhibits LOX
- Zileukast & Montelukast –> inhibit LTB4 receptors
Omalizumab MOA
Anti-IgE MAB
- binds mostly unbound serum IgE
used in asthma that is resistant to inhaled steroids & long acting B agonists
Cromolyn
Stabilizes Mast cells & prevents degranulation
Guiafenesin
Expectorant
- thins respiratory mucus secretions
- does NOT suppress cough reflex
NAC
Mucolytic
- Cleaves disulfide bonds in mucus
**Used to loosen mucus plugs in CF patients**
Bosentan
Antagonizes endothelin 1 receptors of pulmonary vascular endothelial cells
- used to tx pulmonary HTN
- Decreases pulmonary vascular resistance
Dextromethorphan
Antitussive
- antagonizes NMDA receptors
*mild opiate effect when used in excess
