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Resp drugs Flashcards

1
Q

What is the prescription progression in asthma?

A
  1. SABA + ICS
  2. LABA + ICS
  3. LTRA + LABA + ICS
  4. Oral Corticosteroid
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2
Q

SABA used in asthma?

A

Salbutamol

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3
Q

Mode of action of Salbutamol?

A

Agonist of b2-adrenoceptors

-causes bronchial smooth muscle relaxation (via increased intracellular cAMP and Ca2+)

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4
Q

Side effects of Salbutamol?

A

tachycardia
headaches
tremors
anxiety

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5
Q

Inhaled corteicosteroid used in asthma?

A

Beclometasone

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6
Q

Mode of action of Beclometasone?

A

Anti-inflammatory.

  • decreases formation of cytokines by Th2 cells (IL-4 and IL-5, responsible for isotype switching to IgE and Eosinophil activation)
  • Prevent influx of Eosinophils to the lungs
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7
Q

Side effects of Beclometasone?

A

Oropharyngeal candidiasis

Dysphonia

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8
Q

LABA used in asthma?

A

Salmeterol

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9
Q

Mode of action of Salmeterol?

A

b2-agonist

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10
Q

Side effects of Salmeterol?

A

tremors
tachycardia
headaches
anxiety

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11
Q

LTRA used in asthma?

A

Monteleukast

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12
Q

Mode of action of Monteleukast?

A

Bronchodilator.

-blocks the binding of proinflammatory leukotrienes to the CysT1 receptors

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13
Q

Side effects of Monteleukast?

A

Headaches
GI disturbances
Sleep disorders

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14
Q

What drugs are used in Acute Asthma Exacerbation?

A
  • Oral Prednisolone
  • Nebulised Salbutamol
  • Nebulised Ipratropium
  • High flow O2
  • IV Magnesium
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15
Q

Oral corticosteroid used in poorly controlled / acute attacks of asthma?

A

Prednisolone

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16
Q

What drugs are used in COPD?

A
  1. SABA or SAMA
  2. LAMA or LABA
  3. LAMA / LABA combo
    OR
    LABA / ICS combo
17
Q

What SAMA is used in COPD?

A

Ipratropium

18
Q

What is the mode of action of Ipratropium?

A

Short-acting muscarinic antagonist.

-Blocks M3 receptors, reducing bronchoconstriction and mucous secretion

19
Q

Side effects of Ipratropium?

A

Dry mouth
Cough
headache

Glaucoma (vision loss)

20
Q

LAMA used in COPD?

A

Tiotropium

21
Q

ICS used in COPD?

A

Beclometasone

22
Q

Treatment of an acute COPD exacerbation?

A
  1. Nebulised Salbutamol
  2. Nebulised Ipratropium
  3. 24-28% O2
  4. Antibiotic if underlying infection is present

my drugs (7 decks)

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