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Adult 1 Unit 2 > resp 3 > Flashcards

resp 3 Flashcards

1
Q

noninvasive positive pressue contraindications- CPAP, BiPAP

A

not beneficial for w resp failure after extubation, pt must be alert and ability to protect airway (NG can be used w it)

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2
Q

oxygen tx best practices-start

A
  • check prescription for type, flow, rate, humidification (over 4 L)
  • ensure equipment works
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3
Q

oxygen tx best practices- assess

A
  • skin for breakdown 4-8hrs, mouth , nose
  • cleanse and lubricate
  • response to tx
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4
Q

oxygen best practices- tubing

A
  • pad band and tubing
  • cleanse cannula and mask w warm water q 4-8hrs
  • position to prevent pulling
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5
Q

oxygen best practices- educate

A
  • smoking/flame
  • adequate oxygen supply for travel
  • ongoing teaching to enhance adherence
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6
Q

promoting smoking cessation

A
  • -no longer core measure for CMS
  • assess desire, past attempts, and methods, nicotine dependence
  • NRT best w smoking cessation program
  • bupropion (Zyban) decrease cravings
  • varenicline (chantix) interfere w nicotine receptors
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7
Q

Alpha 1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency

A
  • risk factor for COPD
  • AAT inhibits excessive protease act so it only attacks pollutants and not lung structures
  • recessive genetic d/o -Z mutation worse
  • avoid smoking and environmental pollutents
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8
Q

asthma causes- inflammation

A

-allergens bind to specific antibodies (IgE) connected to mast cells that release chemicals (histamine) causing inflammation, mucus secretion, and blood vessel dilation

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9
Q

asthma causes- bronchospasm

A
  • narrowing of bronchial tubes around and within bronchial walls
  • sm amt of pollutants/viruses stim nerve fibers
  • can also be triggered by inflammation
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10
Q

asthma causes-other

A

aspirin, NSAIDs, GERD

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11
Q

controlled asthma char

A
  • manifestations occur 2x or less per wk

- reliever used 2x or less per wk

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12
Q

partially controlled asthma char (need 1)

uncontrolled (need 3+)

A
  • manifestations/releiver more than 2x wk
  • any act intolerance
  • any nighttime manifestations
  • PEF or FEV1 less than 80% of personal best
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13
Q

asthma control therapy drugs

A

used to reduce airway sensitivity (responsiveness) to prevent asthma from occuring
-used every day regardless of symptoms

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14
Q

asthma reliever drugs

A

rescue drugs used to stop an attack once started

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15
Q

bronchodilators

A

cause bronchiolar smooth muscle relaxation, have no effect on inflammation
-can stim beta-adrenergic receptors or block parasympathetic nervous system

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16
Q

asthma management

A
  • avoid environmental triggers, drugs (aspirin, NSAID, beta blockers), MSG
  • use inhaler 30 min before exercise
17
Q

bronchodilators short acting beta agonist (SABA)

A
  • albuterol (proventil, ventolin)
  • fast acting rescue, relax smooth muscle
  • carry all times, mon hrt rate, use 5 min before other inhaled drugs
18
Q

long acting beta agonist (LABA)

A
  • salmeterol (serevent), indacaterol (arcapta)
  • long acting controller, relax smooth muscle
  • shake well (MDI), not a reliever
19
Q

cholinergic antagonist

A
  • Ipratropium (atrovent)
  • inhibit parasympathetic nervous system- relieve and prevent
  • carry all times
  • shake well
  • increase daily fluid intake
  • report blurred vision, eye pain, headache, nausea, palpitations, tremors, inability to sleep
20
Q

antiinflammatories

A

decrease inflammatory response, do not cause bronchodilation

21
Q

corticosteroids

A

disrupt production pathways of inflammatory mediators, prevention

22
Q

fluticasone (flovent)

A

-use daily, good mouth care, not reliever

23
Q

prednisone (Deltasone, Predone)

A

-side effects, avoid anyone w upper resp infection, avoid act that lead to injury, take w food, don’t stop taking suddenly

24
Q

cromone

A
  • prevents inflammatory response, prevention
  • Nedocromil (Tilade)
  • use daily, not reliever
25
Q

leukotriene modifier

A
  • prevents inflammation, prevention

- use daily, don’t decrease dose or stop taking other asthma drugs

26
Q

meter dose inhaler (MDI)

A

-indicates number of doses used, forces dose into pt

27
Q

Dry powdered inhaler (DPI)

A
  • need to load dose, inhalation forces dose in pt, don’t shake
28
Q

status asthmaticus

A
  • severe life threatening acute episode that intensifies once it begins and does not respond to usual tx
  • emergent situation can lead to pneumothorax and cardiac/resp arrest

Adult 1 Unit 2 (20 decks)

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