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Y5 Paediatrics > Resp 3 > Flashcards

Resp 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Give 2 examples of SABA

A

Salbutamol

Terbutaline

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2
Q

Give 2 examples of an ICS

A

Beclomethasone

Budesonide

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3
Q

Give an example of an LTRA

A

Montelukast

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4
Q

What are side effects of montelukast, and when would you stop it?

A

Montelukast can cause nightmares, hallucinations, personality changes.

Stop it if they have nightmares >=2x

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5
Q

Give an example of a LABA

A

salmeterol

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6
Q

What are side effects of SABA

A

trembling hands
palpitations
muscle cramps

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7
Q

What are side effects of ICS

A

If long term, high dose ICS:

  • impaired growth
  • osteoporosis
  • thin skin, easy bruising (cushingoid)
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8
Q

what age is the minimum for which you must always give a spacer?

A

3-4 years old

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9
Q

explain features of mild asthma

A 
SpO2 > 92
RR <30 (>5yo), RR<40 (<5yo) 
no/minimal accessory muscle use
feeding well, tlks in full sentences
wheeze (may be onluy audivble with aa thetoscope
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10
Q

explain fts of moderate asthma

A

PEFR 50-75
normal speech
SPO2 > 92

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11
Q

Explain fts of severe ssthma

A 
PEFR 33-50
RR elevated, HR elevated 
Unable to complete senntennces in one breath 
Accessory muscle use 
Inabllity to feed 
SpO2 <92
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12
Q

Explain fts of life-threatening asthma

A 
PEFR <33
SpO2 <92, CO2 (should be low, if normal very bad!!9
altered consciousness
exhausiion, poor respiratory effort 
Silent chest
cardiac arrhythmia
hypotensiosn
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13
Q

Explain key features of whooping cough

A

ACUTE COUGH lasting >14 days, no apparent cause

  • paroxysmal bouts
  • inspiratory whoop
  • post-tussive vomiting
  • undiagnosed apnoeic attacks
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14
Q

when are symptoms of whooping couogh worse

A

Worse at night or after eting

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15
Q

what does the child look like during the paroxysm

A

child is red/blue i the face, mucous flows from the mouth

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16
Q

how long can whoopig cough lst

A

up to 3 months , with convalescent phase and decresing sx after

17
Q

What are non-pharmacological aspects of asthma management

A
  • Assess patient baseline status using ASTHMA CONTROL QUESTIONNAIRE or a LUNG FUNCTION TEST e.g. spirometry
  • Self-management education
  • personalised action plan (from Asthma UK)
  • Provide resources for support (from Asthma UK)
  • Advise about trigger avoidance
  • Ensure patient has own peak flow metre and explain how to use inhalers
18
Q

what other therapies can you give for asthma that are non-conventional tx if patient has persistent sx and is not responding

A

Orala prednisolone on alternate days
Anti-IgE (omalizumab) - injectable antibody
Antihistamines and nasal steroids for allergic rhinitis

19
Q

What is COMPLETE CONTROL of asthma

A

absence of daytime + nighttime sysmptoms, no limits on activities incl exercise, no need for reliever use, normal lung function, no exaacerbations in 6m

20
Q

what is a good website for inhaler technique

A

itchywheezysneezy.co.uk

21
Q

what kind of therapy can you use for viral induced wheeze

A

burst therapy - for viral induced wheeze
give child 10 puffs of salbutamol using a spacer
assess response to treatment
if they last 4 hours without the symptoms > DISCHARGE

then give a weaning regimen for the salbutamol inhler wiith spacer

22
Q

what are side effects of LAMA (e.g. tiotropium bromide)

A

dry mouth
constipation
urinary retention

23
Q

what can cause a mild form of whooping cough

A

Bordatella parapertussis

24
Q

how many pneumonias will worry you in a child?

A

MORE THAN 1

25
Q

What are causes of recurrent/chronic lung infections in a child

A

persistent bcterial bronchitis

bronchiectasis

26
Q

what are causes of bronchiectasis/recurrent lung infections

A

CF
Primary ciliary dyskinesia
Immunodef
Chronic aspiration

27
Q

what can you use for screening in primary ciliary dyskinesia ?

A

inhaled nitric oxide (as they have reduced nitric oxide levels)

28
Q

what test do you do to check for chronic aspiration, and what does it tell yolu

A

Videofluoroscopy - tells you what thickness of fluid is sfe to swallow. May then need to include thickeners when drinking fluids.

Y5 Paediatrics (30 decks)

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