Resp Flashcards
Side effects of steroid inhaler
hyperglycaemia
thin skin
peptic ulcer dis
isomnia
wt gain
if an asthmatic patient Is waking up at night with the asthma symptoms despite using steroid inhaler 800mcg,salmeterol and moteleukast
increase the dose of beclometasone inhaler unto 1000mcg or add a LAMA(Theophyline)
max dose for moteleukast is 10mg/day and for salmeterol is 200mcg/day
increased ACE levels
Bilateral hilar lympadenopathy
age 20 -40 years
erythema nodosum
lupus pernio; red purple lesions on the nose/ears
Dx?
Sarcoidosis
a patient tis treated for arrhythmia and was given medication for it.He developed rash over scalp and elbows+also wears gloves in hot weather.
Which medication can cause this?
beta blocker has exacerbated psoriasis and also raynuds phenomena
best diagnostic test for a lung cancer will be?
bronchoscopy followed by biopsy if this is not in the options then select CT scan
most useful test to diagnose COPD is?
Spirometry
FEV1/FVC ratio less than 70% indicates airflow abs
recurrent chest infections
sputum sample; pseudomonas auruginosa
steatorrhea; smelly stools
failure to thrive; less centiles
meconium ileus
rectal prolapse
prolonged jaundice
CF
cough
SOB
Wt loss
clubbing
b/l fine end exp crepts
ABG;type 1 HF
Idiopathic Pul Fibrosis
causes;
prolonged contact with pigeons, smoking,gerd
HRCT honeycombing and reticular pattern
Tx;Azathioprine,prednisolone and acetylcysteine.
tx for proximal DVT and PE
Apixaban and Rivaroxaban
if not suitable then;
LMWH for 5 days followed by dabigatran or edoxaban
LMWH with warfarin for 5 days or until the INR is 2 for 2 consecutive readings after that warfarin only
cough
fever
hemoptysis
mass in the upper lung lobe
dx
tx
aspergilloma
itraconazole
In questions like these they also give the history of immunocompromised,diebetics,alcoholics
where the differential of klebsiella also arises
hemoptysis
hematuria
malaise
wagers granulomatosis
anca antibodies are present
tx; steroids and cyclophosphamide
tachypnea
breathless
sweating
leg cramps
pin point pupils
ARDS caused by heroin misuse
an elderly pt completed a course of amoxicillin
what could it be
pneumonia
CAP
faltering growth
recurrent chest infections
nasal polyps
person is a greek
Dx
CF; autosomal recessive condition
Diagnosed; by sweat test
using SABA more
what is the next step
LABA+LAMA
TX of COPD when peak flow shows diurnal variation and peak flow is only 25%
LABA+ICS
if LABA+LAMA Or LABA+ICS don’t work what is the next option
LABA+LAMA+ICS
History of cig smoking
moon like facies
central obesity
wt loss
hemoptysis
dx
Small cell ca
they can develop paraneoplastic syndromes such as cushings synd
retired miner
asbestos expo
cough,wheeze
hemoptyis
no smoking
dx(which CA)
MESOTHELIOMA
most common cause of lung cancer in its who do not smoke
NSCLC;Adenocarcinomas
LOCATED PERIPHERALLY IN THE LUNG
asthma is not a risk factor for ARDS
SACCAROPOLYSPORA RECTIVIRGULA
causes
Farmers lungs
aspergillus clavatus
working in brewery
cough, fever and malaise
malt workers lungs
even in a young patient like 33
PE’s ‘gold standard test” would be CTPA
preferable is V/Q
SOB
black sputum
small pul nodules
dx?
coal workers pneumoconiosis
SOB
cough
pottery/ceramic industry
Silicosis
exposure to mining dust
Rheumatoid arthritis
Caplan synd
causes of allergic bronchogenic alveolitis
mushroom, bird fancier(from bird droppings), farmer,cheese workers lungs
not asbestos
A COPD pt who is severely hypoxic <7.3
is a candidate for LTOT
tx of OSA
life style;wt loss advice
refer routinely to sleep care centre to find tx
simple technique; not to sleep in supine position
