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Medicine > Paeds > Flashcards

Paeds Flashcards

1
Q

what are the contraindications of MMR vaccine in children?

A

not to be given to who are immunosuppressed
has had a confirmed anaphylactic reaction or specifically to neomycin or gelatin
pregnant women

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2
Q

all live vaccines should minimally keep a period pf 4 weeks between administration

A

varicella and mmr both live vaccines can be given on the same day but mmr and yellow fever could not be given together.

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3
Q

medical tx for ADHD and Autism.

A

1st Methyphenidate(ritalin)
2nd dexamfetamine
Noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor ;Atomoxetine

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4
Q

modafinil(Provigil) is used in?

A

Narcolepsy

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5
Q

Dx of ADHD is made how?

A

symptoms should be present for at least 6 mots before the age of 7yrs

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6
Q

The most harm cancer in kids is?

A

ALL

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7
Q

Kids with marble like swellings in armpits and neck.not painful, no hx of wt loss.
Which cancer could it be?

A

NHL.

HL and NHL present with same symptoms but NHL is MUCH MORE COMMON..
in the later stages it can present with B SYMPTOMS(fever,nt sweats and wt loss)

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8
Q

a kid sits close to the tv, has a squint and is quite clumsy.
She also has flat light brown skin patches.
DX?

A

EYE+SKIN INVOLVEMENT(cafe au laities spots) IN KID=Neurofibroma(specifically optic glioma)

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9
Q

life long complications of CF

A

INFERTILITY
DIABETES
CIRRHOSIS
NASL POLYPS

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10
Q

A murmur that has been reduced after taking paracetamol and after fever going down is which murmur?

A

Pansystolic murmur

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11
Q

TOXIC APPEARANCE

tracheal tug
intercostal recession
stridor
drooling
high temp
sats dropping
DX

A

Epiglottits caused by h influenze

initial tx will be to give Nebulized Adrenaline to opening the airway

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12
Q

subcostal recession
snuffly
coughing
wheeze
crackles
RR 60/min
DX

A

Bronchiolitis caused by RSV

initial tx is supportive measures like oxygen

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13
Q

drug to treat absence seizures in kids

A

sodium valproate

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14
Q

indications of tonsillectomy

A

2 or more attacks of peri tonsillar abcess

5 attacks per year for 2 years or 6-7 attacks per year(recurrent acute tonsillitis)

airway obstruction/OSA

suspicion of lymphoma

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15
Q

CATCH 22 OF Digorge syndrome

A

cardiac abnormalities
abnormal facies
thymic hypoplasia
cleft palate
hypocalcemia
22 is the chromosome having deletion

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16
Q

features of turners syndrome

A

Larki hot hai apparantely
short stature
Wide or weblike neck.
Low-set ears.
Broad chest with widely spaced nipples.
cubitus valgus
coarctation of Aorta

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17
Q

Features of Down’s synd

A

small ears
rounded face
flat nasal bridge
epicanthic folds(a fold of skin at the medial corners of the eye)

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18
Q

Features of Klinefelter syndrome

A

TALL SLIM , LARKAY HOTAY HAIN LEKIN THEY HAVE HAVE FEMININE BODY HABITUS WITH GYNECOMASTIA
Gonadal tarophy at puberty
significant drop in testoserone levels

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19
Q

WILLIAMS SYNDROME FEATURES

A

Short stature
cardiac (supravalvular aortic arch stenosis)
mild mental retardation
extra friendly
transient neonatal hypercalcemia

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20
Q

things a kid can do at age 3

A

tell his age
make a circle

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21
Q

circle
cross
square
triangle

A

3
4
4.5
5yrs

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22
Q

can enjoy symbolic play
an interactive play

A

18-24 months
3 yrs

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23
Q

transferring of the objects will be able to do

A

6 months

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24
Q

midline lump visible on the protrusion of tongue

A

thyroglossal cyst

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25
Q

inspiratory/harsh stridor
barking cough
resp distress
hoarseness usually proceeded by fever and coryza
subcostal recession

A

Laryngotracheobronchitis AKA Croup caused by parainfluenza virus

oral Dex is effective

common in 2nd yr of life

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26
Q

Benign rolandic epilepsy of childhood

A

kid has a focal type of seizures at night during sleep
EEG shows central temporal spikes

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27
Q

Charcot marietoth disease

A

pes cavus
sensory motor neuropathy starting from distal area like peroneal muscles(atrophy)

28
Q

Poor head growth
SN hearing loss
intracranial calcification
CP
developmental delay

A

Congenital CMV infection

29
Q

Progressive renal disease(macroscopic hematuria and proteinuria) and progressive hearing loss(SNHL)
family hx of renal transplant
DX?

A

Alport’s syndrome

30
Q

SN HL with hypothyroidism/goiter
Dx?

A

Pendred syndrome

31
Q

PENDRED SYNDROME IS INHERITED?

Alports syndrome?

A

Autosommal recessive condition

X linked condition

32
Q

grunting noises after birth/
transient tachypnea is the result of delay in the clearance of foetal lung liquid
hence resp distress synd

A

it is more common in babies for through c section.
less common in vaginal del

33
Q

triad of HSP

A

colicky abd pain
joint pain/arthritis
rash over buttocks and legs.

it is more common in boys of 3-10 yrs

the ig and complement complex deposition in the arterioles can cause GN causing hematuria and proteinuria

mostly occurs after infections like bacterial; streptococcal
viral; parvovirus B19

34
Q

Difference between IgA nephropathy and(Bergers dis) and Post inf GN

A

Macroscopic hematuria that occurs after 1-2 days of URTI

whereas,
Post Inf GN occurs after the URTI has resolved so probably after weeks with frank smoky brown or microscopic hematuria.

35
Q

HUS is associated with which bacteria?

A

E Coli and less often shigella so basically it is AKI with bloody diarrhoea

36
Q

in fanconis anaemia there is a prediposition of which cancer?

A

AML

fanconis does not include proteinuria or hematuria

It is a problem with proximal renal tubule so there is an issue with absorbing glucose, amino acids,phosp,bicarb

37
Q

Thin membrane disease is also called

A

benign familial hematuria which causes asymptomatic microscopic hematuria.

38
Q

machinery murmur
5 week old baby has failure to thrive

A

PDA murmur

39
Q

dry skin

umblical hernia

physiological jaundice in a baby who came from af
DX?

A

Hypthyroidism

40
Q

prolonged jaundice beginning within 18 hrs of life
neg Coombs test
presence of Heinz bodies
dx?

A

G6PD

41
Q

RR,HR,Dec BP and characteristic pinpoint pupils occurs because of an OD of ?

A

Codiene(opiod)

NALAXONE IS A SPECIFIC ANTIDOTE TO OPIOD POISONING.

42
Q

which is not an indication to start the antibiotics in tonsillitis

A

sore throat is not an indication to start abs

centor criteria
absence of cough
tender cervical lymphadenopathy(ant)

43
Q

Sorry :(

A

2 months (8 weeks)
6-in-1 vaccine: first dose
protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, Hib disease and hepatitis B
Rotavirus vaccine: first dose

MenB vaccine: first dose

3 months (12 weeks)
6-in-1 vaccine: second dose
protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, Hib disease and hepatitis B
Rotavirus vaccine: second dose

Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV): first dose

4 months (16 weeks)
6-in-1 vaccine: third dose
protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough), polio, Hib disease and hepatitis B
MenB vaccine: second dose

12 to 13 months
Hib/MenC vaccine
boosts protection against Hib disease, and protects against type C meningococcal disease
MMR vaccine: first dose
protects against measles, mumps and rubella
PCV booster

MenB booster

2 years up to school year 6
Nasal flu vaccine (2022-23 season)
an annual vaccine that protects against seasonal flu

3 years and 4 months
MMR booster
protects against measles, mumps and rubella
Pre-school booster (4-in-1 vaccine)
protects against diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (whooping cough) and polio

Teenage
HPV vaccine (12-13 year old boys and girls)
2 doses to protect against HPV (main cause of cervical cancer)
Teenage booster
protects against tetanus, diphtheria and polio
MenACWY vaccine
protects against four different types of meningococcal disease

44
Q

large jaw, large prominent ears, enlarged testicles
leaning difficulties
seizures

A

fragile x syndrome

45
Q

RIBH;

Resp distress
Insp stridor
Barking cough
Hoarseness preceded by coryza and fever

A

LARYGOTRACHEOBORNCHITIS aka Croup

46
Q

recurrent periumblical abdominal pain in kid
wakes the kid at night
all exam is normal

A

functional abdominal syndrome

47
Q

abdominal migraine in kids is associated with

A

episodic headaches and facial pallor

48
Q

bachon mein bhi IBS ho sakta hai and it is relieved on passing stools.
us sey pehlay stomach boated rehta hai

A
49
Q

annular lesions with central clearing on the body surface
presence of cats and dogs

A

tinea corporals

50
Q

erythematous scaly patches on the extensor surfaces

A

psoriasis

51
Q

pathological jaundice in neonates.
time period?

A

in the first 24hrs,14 and 21 days

52
Q

severe protein malnutrition leading to hypoalbuniemia
edema
skin rash on the scalp and extremities
hypo pigmentation of the hair

A

kwashiorkor

53
Q

no edema
non painful
non eryhtematous
non pruritic swelling
no AKI

A

hereditary angioedema

54
Q

no generalised edema
ckd
happening in males

A

posterior ureteric valve dysfunction

55
Q

generalised edema with AkI in the kids of less than 10 years of age

A

Minimal change dis

56
Q

in a kid
fever, loss of appetite
drowsiness,sleepign most of the time
which infection is likely

A

Meningitis

57
Q
A

https://www.google.com/search?q=how+to+learn+apgar+score&client=safari&channel=mac_bm&sxsrf=ALiCzsZ1SJ1_qqNUkoBiJ_2oHixgbf5QjQ:1671099243838&source=lnms&tbm=vid&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjBzMDmsfv7AhUKuqQKHQrXBiEQ_AUoAnoECAEQBA&biw=1440&bih=837&dpr=1#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:05b5f679,vid:iw6GYQ7bDsY

58
Q

https://www.google.com/search?q=paeds+bls+uk+resus+council&client=safari&channel=mac_bm&sxsrf=ALiCzsa6_0dfL4UTN6ZPeBDwYBqWoqib4A:1671099267221&source=lnms&tbm=vid&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjg19Pxsfv7AhWRHOwKHf54B_oQ_AUoA3oECAEQBQ&biw=1440&bih=837&dpr=1#fpstate=ive&vld=cid:69cb6eb6,vid:25ZbNoeOF3E

A
59
Q

kid
polyuria
polydipsia
wt loss
feeling tired all the time

A

DM1

60
Q

a mother had a difficult delivery with pre mature rupture of membranes and the baby after being born has developed fever,proabable pneumonia(LRTI)
which org is involved?

A

Group B Strep
it can be transferred from mother to the baby during the del

61
Q

Blocked nose
cough
fever
tachypnea
feeling snuffly

dx;Bronchiolitis
org involved?

A

RSV

62
Q

epiglottitis
org involved?

A

h inf

63
Q

croup
org?

A

Para Inf

64
Q

the most common cause of bacterial pneumonia in kids aged above 2…

Pneumonia described as; cough,fever,drowsiness,intercostal recession,SOB and nasal flaring

A

Strep P

65
Q

DKA is more common in patients with DM1 and HONK is more common in DM2

A
66
Q

there is a delay if the kid has not started walking at 18 months of age

A

Medicine (18 decks)

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