Resources P2 (SEC-C)

Question 1

What is a Resource?

Answer 1

• as stock/supply of somthing that has value/purpose

Question 2

economic /social effects of lack of food

Answer 2

ECONOMIC : 1 bill in world are MALNOURISHED
2 bill are UNDERNOURISHED - porly balanced diet , lacking mineral/diseases
- not well enough to work –> DECREASE ECONOMY

SOCIAL : OBESITY–> physical health problems
- pressure on healthcare

Question 3

economic /social importance of water

Answer 3

ECONOMIC : vital for crops/food supply –> TRADE
- source of powerfor energy production
- industry

SOCIAL : - water shortage can cause POVERTY
UN estimates 50 countires face water scarcity by 2025

Question 4

economic importance
of energy ?

Answer 4

ECONOMIC: powers factories/ machinery
- provides fuel for TRANSPORT
(Middle East supplies most of world oil)

Question 5

global inequalities in SUPPLY/CONSUMPTION of food ?

Answer 5

CONSUMPTION : average calories consumed is 3200 per person in UK, but Somalia its 1580

SUPPLY: wealthier countries IMPORT FOOD / use subsidise farming to make food AFFORDABLE
- poorer countries cant grow enough to feed ppl/ cant afford subsidise farming/ importing

Question 6

global inequalities in SUPPLY/CONSUMPTION of energy?

Answer 6

CONSUMPTION: richest 1 bill ppl in world consume 50 % of world’s energy , but poorest 1 bill consume 4%

SUPPLY: HICS/NEES linked National Grid
- have more tech for higher standard of living –> consume alot of energy

LICS: use less, because not connected to National Grid

Question 7

why does UK import 40% of total food ?

Answer 7

• Uk PRODUCED food is expensive
• cheaper from abroad
• UK climate is unsuitable
• demand of season produce all yr
• demand for more choice

Question 8

impact of importing food?

Answer 8

• transporting food is EXPENSIVE
• adds to CARBON FOOTPRINT
• farmers are underpaid

Question 9

how is UK facing challenge of importing foods?

Answer 9

AGRIBUSINESS: inteisve farming to maximise crop yield–> maximise profit
- uses modern tech to maximise crop yield (more profit), so can continue to farm during low crop yield

ORGANIC PRODUCE: grown without the use of chemicals, but high labour cost –> EXPENSIVE

Question 10

EXAMPLE OF uk agribusiness?

Answer 10

Lynford house Farm
- East Anglia Farm - 570 hectares
- flat, fertile land intesively farmed to maximise productivity/profitability
- chemicals used as pesticides/fertilisers
- machinery is expensive , but makes farm effiicient

Question 11

how is water used in the Uk?

Answer 11

50% used domestically
21% wasted through leakage
business/ food production

Question 12

why is water demand expected to rise in UK?

Answer 12

• Population growth
• more houses built
• increased use of domestic supplies

Question 13

distrubution of water in the UK?

Answer 13

NORTH/WEST = WATER SURPLUS –> high rainfall, low evaportaion rates, resevoirs

SOUTH/EAST = WATER DEFICIT –> densley populated
low annual rainfalll

Question 14

what is water stress?

Answer 14

demand exceeds supply
- not enough clean water/ inaccessible

Question 15

how to save water?

Answer 15

• use of domestic supply meters
• use recycled water
• more efficient domestic supplies

MEDCS have moderate water stress, as high demand, but efficiency of industry has improved
LEDCS have smaller industries / conserve water

Question 16

what was suggested by government to transfer water/ why did it nit happen?

Answer 16

2006, governmnet wanted to transfer water from surplus–> deficit through WATER GRID
opposed bc:
- effects land/wildlife
- expensive
- greenhuse gases released

Question 17

how is water quality managed?

Answer 17

Envrionmental Agency :
- monitor quality of river water
- filter water
- purify water
- restrciting recreational use
- imposing strict regulations on use of water

Question 18

why has energy consumption fallen ?

Answer 18

decline in heavy industry / better energy conservation
- low energy appliances
- better building insulation
- fuel efficient cars

Question 19

changing energy mix?

Answer 19

in 1990: almost 3/4 energy came from coal /oil
2007: equal energy mix of coal, gas, nuclear
2014: renewable sources were more popular –> decline in coal (due to concern of greenhouse gases)

has changed from non renewable to renewable

Question 20

why are fossil fuels important?

Answer 20

• PROVIDE ENERGY
• coal imports are CHEAP
• shale gas deposits will be EXPLOITED

Question 21

What is fracking ?

Answer 21

• to extract gas , high pressure liquids are used to fracture shale / realese gas from undergorund

Question 22

why is fracking controversial?

Answer 22

• can cause earthquakes
• pollutres underground water souces
• expensive

Question 23

impact of NUCLEAR energy exploitation?

Answer 23

ECONOMIC: - nuclear plants are expenisve to build
- decommissionising old nuclear plants are expensive
- construction of new plants create JOB/ BOOST ECONOMY

ENVRIONMENTAL: - storage of highly toxic/ adioactive waste is a probelm
- warm waste water harms local ecosystems
- radicoative leaks

Question 24

impact of wind energy exploitation?

Answer 24

ECONOMIC : - high construction cost
- less visitors–> less economy
- some attract visitors

ENVRIONMENTAL: - visual impact
- avoid hamful gas emmisions
- noisy

Question 25

challenges of managing water quality/pollution in Uk?

Answer 25

CHALLENGE 1: groundwater contamination
- nitrates/phosphurous from fertilisers contaminate groundwater

CHALLENGE 2: population growth
- more houses built, so more waste water

CHALLENGE 3 : sewage run into open drains and run into rivers - contaminating water sources

Question 26

how is water polluted?

Answer 26

AGRICULTURE : pesticides and fertilsers go into bodies of water –> EUTROPHICATION/kills aquatic animals

INDUSTRY : untreated waste from factories - contamined water /toxic for animals and plants

TRANSPORT: gritting of roads lead to salination of water
- petrol/diesel waste from vehicles - toxic for animals

DOMESTIC : sewage contains bacteria - harmful to humans/wildlife

MINING: heavy metals leach into water system - toxic