Resource Reliance

Question 1

what three factors does the global hunger index measure?

Answer 1

• proportion of undernourished people
• proportion of underweight children
• child mortality rate

Question 2

what is permaculture?

Answer 2

• a method of farming that tries to copy nature to give food security
• people growing their own food and changing their eating habits

Question 3

what is another measure of food security? (not GHI)

Answer 3

global calories consumption

Question 4

what is food security?

Answer 4

ability to access sufficient, safe, nutritious food to maintain a healthy and active life

Question 5

what is water security?

Answer 5

extent to which a community, region or country can secure sufficient, reliable water supplier

Question 6

what is energy security?

Answer 6

access to sufficient reliable energy

Question 7

2 physical factors that can decrease food security

Answer 7

• climate/ droughts- food can’t grow
• pests and disease- reduce crop yields

Question 8

what is ethical consumerism?

Answer 8

choosing to buy food that has been produced with minimal harm to people and the environment to increase food security and sustainability

Question 9

2 human factors effecting food security

Answer 9

• food prices/ poverty- poorer people go hungry
• population growth- increase food demand

Question 10

what 2 processes are used to increase food security?

Answer 10

mechanisation of farming- more efficient, protect from disease, increase crop yields
commercial fishing

Question 11

what 2 processes are used to increase energy security?

Answer 11

deforestation and mining

Question 12

what 2 processes are used to increase water security?

Answer 12

reservoirs and water transfer schemes

Question 13

malthus theory

Answer 13

• pessimists
• population would increase faster than food supply
• leading to a lack of food
• this would lead to large scale famine, illness and war until population would return to a level that can be supported
• this happens if we don’t prevent this using contraception and delaying
  marriage
• graph shows resources diagonal increasing upwards, population increasing in a curve and they cross over at a point of crisis

Question 14

boserup theory

Answer 14

• optimists
• however big population gets, people will always find a way to manage and increase production by creating new technologies or reducing consumption until we do
• food production is the highest it’s ever been
• graph shows population curving up and resources in a staircase against it in “leaps” in advancement

Question 15

3 ways to make food consumption more ethical

Answer 15

• buying fairtrade products
• reducing waste
• buying local and seasonal food

Question 16

how does ethical consumerism increase food security?

Answer 16

• by reducing greenhouse gas emitted from transport and waste disposal = prevents climate change and decreases in food production
• making food production profitable so farmers keep producing it

Question 17

social impact of intensive farming

Answer 17

chemical fertilisers and pesticides can harm people

Question 18

economic impact of intensive farming

Answer 18

makes the most of the land to allow higher yields making food growth more productive and cheap to produce

Question 19

environmental impact of intensive farming

Answer 19

chemical fertilisers and pesticides can pollute the environment and harm animals and insects

Question 20

economic impact of organic farming

Answer 20

yields lowered by 20% making products more expensive

Question 21

environmental impact of organic farming

Answer 21

doesn’t use chemicals and ensures animals are raised naturally

Question 22

what are genetically modified crops?

Answer 22

changing the DNA of foods to enhance their productivity and properties

Question 23

how do genetically modified crops increase food security?

Answer 23

• crops are larger, more nutritious and have health benefits
• crops are better protected from disease and drought
• money doesn’t need to be spent on chemicals to prevent this so are cheaper

Question 24

what are hydroponics?

Answer 24

growing plants without soil using nutrient solution instead

Question 25

how do hydroponics increase food security? and one negative

Answer 25

• less water is needed meaning less need for pesticides
• maximises crop yields
• BUT is expensive

Question 26

how do allotments increase food security?

Answer 26

allows people in urban areas to produce their own cheap and healthy food close to home

Question 27

how does permaculture increase food security?

Answer 27

it crates more natural ecosystems and fewer resources are required