'Resource Management' Key Words

Question 1

Agribusiness

Answer 1

Intensive farming aimed at maximising the amount of food produced.

Question 2

Carbon footprint

Answer 2

Measurement of the greenhouse gasses individuals produce, through burning fossil fuels.

Question 3

Development

Answer 3

The progress of a country in terms of economic growth, the use of technology and human welfare.

Question 4

Energy conservation

Answer 4

Reducing energy consumption by using less energy and existing sources more efficiently

Question 5

Energy mix

Answer 5

The range of energy sources of a region or country, both renewable and non-renewable

Question 6

Energy security

Answer 6

Uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price

Question 7

Food miles

Answer 7

The distance covered supplying food to consumers

Question 8

Fossil fuels

Answer 8

A natural fuel such as coal or gas, formed in the geological past from the remains of living organisms

Question 9

Fracking

Answer 9

The process of extracting gas from gas shale where fluids at high pressure are injected to fracture the shale rock, allowing the gas to escape.

Question 10

Grey water

Answer 10

Recycled domestic waste water

Question 11

Import

Answer 11

Goods and services bought by residents of a country from another country.

Question 12

Local food sourcing

Answer 12

Food production and distribution that is local

Question 13

Organic produce

Answer 13

Food produced without the use of chemicals such as fertilisers and pesticides

Question 14

Renewable energy

Answer 14

A resource that cannot be exhausted e.g. wind, solar and tidal energy

Question 15

Resources

Answer 15

A stock or supply of something that has value or a purpose

Question 16

Resource management

Answer 16

Control and monitoring of resources so that they do not become exhausted

Question 17

Undernourishment

Answer 17

A food intake below that needed to sustain a healthy life

Question 18

Undernutrition

Answer 18

When people do not eat enough nutrients to cover their needs for energy and growth, or to maintain a healthy immune system

Question 19

Water deficit

Answer 19

When demand for water is greater than supply

Question 20

Water quality

Answer 20

Measured in terms of the chemical, physical and biological content of the water.

Question 21

Water stress

Answer 21

When the demand for water exceeds supply in a certain period, or when poor quality restricts its use.

Question 22

Water surplus

Answer 22

When the supply of water is greater than demand for water

Question 23

Water transfer

Answer 23

Matching supply with demand by moving water from an area with water surplus to another area with water deficit.

Question 24

Aquifer

Answer 24

Underground water source

Question 25

Bund

Answer 25

A small dam which diverts water away from a stream to irrigate fields, usually made of stones and lined with leaves to make it waterproof.

Question 26

Dam and reservoir

Answer 26

A barrier built across a valley to interrupt river flow and create a man-made lake to store water and control river discharge.

Question 27

Desalination

Answer 27

The process of removing salt from seawater to produce fresh water.

Question 28

Drought

Answer 28

A long, continued period of dry weather.

Question 29

Evaporation

Answer 29

The process of water changing from liquid to vapour.

Question 30

Groundwater

Answer 30

Freshwater source that is found beneath the Earth’s surface.

Question 31

Groundwater management

Answer 31

Regulation and control of water levels, pollution, ownership and use of groundwater.

Question 32

Infrastructure

Answer 32

The basic equipment and structures (such as roads, utilities, water supply and sewage) that are needed for a country or region to function properly.

Question 33

Irrigation

Answer 33

Artificial application of water to the land or soil

Question 34

Johad

Answer 34

Small earth dam for catching rainwater as a drinking water source, found in the Thar Desert, Pakistan.

Question 35

Over abstraction

Answer 35

When groundwater is used more quickly than it is being replaced.

Question 36

Pats

Answer 36

Irrigation channels that transfer water to the fields.

Question 37

Permeable rocks

Answer 37

Rocks that allow water to pass through them.

Question 38

Pollution

Answer 38

Chemicals, noise, dirt or other substances which have harmful or poisonous effects on an environment.

Question 39

Taanka

Answer 39

Underground storage systems about 3m in diameter and 3-4m deep which collect surface water from roofs.

Question 40

Water conflict

Answer 40

Disputes between different regions or countries over the distribution and use of water.

Question 41

Water conservation

Answer 41

The preservation, control and development of water resources, both surface and groundwater, and prevention of pollution.

Question 42

Water insecurity

Answer 42

When water availability is insufficient to ensure the good health and livelihood of a population, due to short supply or poor quality.

Question 43

Water pollution

Answer 43

The contamination of water by substances that are harmful or poisonous to the environment, and make water supplies unsuitable for drinking.

Question 44

Water quality

Answer 44

Measured in terms of the chemical, physical and biological content of the water.

Question 45

Water recycling

Answer 45

Process of extracting and reusing useful substances found in waste

Question 46

Waterborne diseases

Answer 46

Diseases like cholera and typhoid caused by microorganisms in contaminated water.