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Geography GCSE > Resource Management 💡 > Flashcards

Resource Management 💡 Flashcards

(57 cards)

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1
Q

What is a resource

A

Anything that is used to satisfy human needs

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2
Q

What percentage of global energy is from non renewables

A

87%

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3
Q

What is energy security

A

More energy is being produced than used (surplus)

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4
Q

What is energy insecurity

A

More energy is used than produced (deficit)

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5
Q

Why is the energy gap widening

A

Fossil fuels are being deliberately phased out (due to agreements to reduce co2 emissions) but the renewables needed to replace this loss cannot be developed fast enough

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6
Q

Name 3 factors that could affect energy supply

A

Cost
Geology
Climate

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7
Q

Name 3 factors affecting energy consumption

A

Development
Population
Technology

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8
Q

Why is cost effecting energy supply

A

Power stations (especially renewables) are a huge investment and expensive to build

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9
Q

Why are physical factors affecting energy supply

A

Geology determines availability of fossil fuels
Geothermal energy requires a specific tectonic environment

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10
Q

How is technology effecting energy supply

A

Allows energy sources in remote areas to be used

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11
Q

How is climate effecting energy supply

A

Conditions can influence availability of solar and wind power

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12
Q

How do political factors affect energy supply

A

Decides which countries to exploit and obtain energy from
Choice of renewable / non-renewable sources

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13
Q

How is population affecting energy consumption

A

As population increases demand for energy also increases

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14
Q

How does an increase in income affect energy consumption

A

As the world develops e.g. NEEs, there is more demand for energy due to economic growth meaning greater wealth

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15
Q

How does technology affect energy consumption

A

Increasing use of technology improves quality of life
In turn means a richer world which can afford energy

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16
Q

What does supply mean

A

A stock or amount of something supplied or available for use

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17
Q

What does demand mean

A

The constant need of desire to use a product which needs energy at convenience

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18
Q

What does surplus mean

A

When demand is lower than supply

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19
Q

What does deficit mean

A

When the demand for a resource is greater than the supply

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20
Q

What is equilibrium

A

When supply and demand are completely equal

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21
Q

What are the 3 options to overcome energy insecurity within a country

A

Further exploitation of its own resources
Import energy from other countries
Reduce energy consumption within their country

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22
Q

Name 3 benefits of exploiting resources in the Arctic

A

There are large new reserves
Close to import markets (Europe and US)
Costs are reduced due to arctic ice melting

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23
Q

Name 4 costs of exploiting resources in the Arctic

Study These Flashcards
A

Political issues could develop due to the Arctic being claimed by 8 countries
People demand higher wages to work in the Arctic due to challenging conditions
Oil spills would negatively impact environment and cost a lot to clear up
Exploring for new oil and gas cost billions

24
Q

What are 3 further impacts of energy insecurity

Study These Flashcards
A

Food production
Industry
Potential for conflict

25
Give an example where energy insecurity has impacted the potential for conflict
Russia controls 25% of the worlds natural gas supplies- puts pressure on European countries as they could raise prices or even cut off supplies
26
Give an example where energy insecurity has impacted industry
In Pakistan regular power cuts can last for 20 hours a day- costs the country an estimated 4% of its GDP as without energy factories can’t run
27
What is energy mix
A RANGE of energy sources of a region or country both renewable & non renewable 
28
Why should a country use an energy mix
So that there is always an efficient supply of energy
29
What is a fuel
A substance that release energy
30
What are fossil fuels
Sources of energy formed from organic matter millions of years ago
31
How can nuclear power increase energy supply
Cost of raw material is relatively low due to small amount used 
32
What are the pros of natural gas as an energy resource
Reliable Abundant Cleaner than other fossil fuels Provides jobs
33
What are the cons of natural gas as an energy resource
Air pollution Acid rain Water/soil pollution Greenhouse gas emissions Leaks are hard it detect Destruction of habitats through mining
34
Name 3 ways we can reduce energy demand
Energy companies offering financial incentives Councils/gov raising awareness of the need to use energy more efficiently Individuals using off peak tariffs more regularly
35
What is carbon footprint
A carbon footprint is an estimate of the impact of activities have on climate change
36
Name 4 modern technologies can help us to use fossil fuels more efficiently
Carbon capture - storing carbon produced during combustion underground Hybrid/electric cars Combined heat & power (CHP) - generating energy from a single fuel source Fuel efficiency - making cars more aerodynamic
37
How has Brazil reduced petrol consumption
Reduced petrol consumption by 40% since 1993 using sugar cane and ethanol Around 90% of new cars run on both petrol & ethanol
38
What are the pros of ethanol as a fuel
Cheaper Renewable Burning ethanol can also create electricity Provides job opportunities
39
What are the cons of ethanol as a fuel
Conditions for labourers are not good Causes respiratory problems
40
How has Malmo, Sweden developed a sustainable energy city
Renewable energy provides all power used by residents Vacuum shoots for rubbish disposal Food waste is converted into biofuel for buses in the area Network of footpaths and cycle paths New houses are all fitted with smart meters
41
What percentage of energy in Nepal does fuel wood account for
75.79%
42
What are the impacts in Nepal of using fuel wood as the main source of energy
Leads to huge deforestation Contributes to soil erosion and land slides
43
What is the population of Nepal
28 million
44
What factor in Nepal reduces its ability to import energy
It’s landlocked (no ports)
45
What is Nepals HDI
5.6 (very poor)
46
What percentage of Nepals rural population have access to electricity?
9%
47
What is the power situation in Nepal
Electric grid system only covers part of the country Power cuts of up to 10 hours The Nepal Electricity Authority publish a timetable of power cuts
48
What is the local sustainable energy scheme in Nepal
Micro hydro power
49
What is micro-hydro power
Instead of a dam or reservoir a micro hydro plant divert water from a stream/river into a forbay tank which then falls into a turbine driving a generator 
50
Who finances the micro-hydro plants in Nepal
The government with support from the World Bank
51
What are the environmental impacts of the micro-hydro power
No destruction of habitats Renewable (LITTLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT)
52
What are the social impacts of micro-hydro power
No risk of flooding - no need for rehoming Provides local business opportunities However only people living very close to the micro-hydro power plant can benefit
53
What are the economic impacts of micro-hydro power
Low-cost as doesn’t require a dam/reservoir Encourages economic development – settlement of Darbong boasts a number of new industries such as : poultry and dairy farms, a noodle factory and several furniture workshops
54
Name 3 reasons why there uk is not self sufficient in food
UK climate is unsuitable for production of some foods such as cocoa and bananas Demand for greater choice and more exotic products UK produced food can be expensive Demand for seasonal produce all year round e.g. strawberries
55
Why does the UK import vegetables from Kenya
Because of the demand for seasonal products all years round such as mangetout 
56
What is agribusiness
Intensive farming aimed at maximising the amount of food produced
57
List the U.K.’s attempts to respond to changing demand for food
Agribusiness Using modern technology and chemicals used in farming to produce more yield Increased production of organic food

Geography GCSE (10 decks)

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