Plate Tectonics & Earthquakes 🌋 Flashcards
Conservative plate boundary
Where two plates slide past eachother
Collision plate boundary
Two continental plates meet
Destructive plate boundary
Oceanic crust meets continental crust
Constructive plate boundary
Two oceanic plates move apart
What is a plate
A piece of the earth’s crust
What is a plate boundary
Where two plates meet
Distribution of volcanoes and earthquakes
Along the plate boundaries
Epicentre
The point on the Earth‘s surface directly above the focus. This is where maximum damage is caused
Seismic waves
Spread outwards, their stength decreases with distance from focus
What is the focus
The start of the earthquake
What was the Magnitude of the Christchurch earthquake
6.3
What was the magnitude of the Nepal earthquake
7.8
When was the Nepal earthquake
25th April 2015
When was the Christchurch earthquake
22nd Feb 2011
Primary effects of Christchurch
181 killed
6600 injured
50% of city buildings destroyed
80% of city without electricity
Liquefaction- 4000 homes unstable
Secondary effects of Christchurch
Closing of businesses
couldn’t hold the five Rugby World Cup matches
schools closed for two weeks
Immediate responses of Christchurch
International aid - $6-7 million
Areas zoned to assess damage
‘Farmy army’ helped clean city
300 Australian police officers flown in
Primary effects of Nepal earthquake
8600 dead
14500 injured
18 climbers killed at Mt Everest
Communication lines cut off
45000+ classrooms damaged/destroyed
Secondary effects of Nepal earthquake
2.8 million homeless
Tourism sites severely damaged = loss of income
1.1 million children denied access to education
Will take a decade to recover financially
Immediate responses Nepal earthquake
Aid form UK,US, Pakistan, Germany &India
British public gave £41 million
People dug with bare hands to recover bodies
Long term response to Nepal earthquake
Asian development bank gave $200 million
Uk gov gave £73 million
Uk provided 30 tonnes of humanitarian aid and equipment
Schools reopened 31st May
Medical teams remain active in educating for future events
Problems with Nepals relief effort
Lack of urgency
One international airport so getting aid to the country was problematic
Why do people live in tectonic areas
Volcanic rock and ash = fertile land for farming
tourists attracted to volcanoes = job opportunities & money
geothermal energy = cheaper electricity
minerals contained in lava = mining
