Residential/Commercial Flashcards
Largest group in the Animal Kingdom
Phylum Arthropoda - INSECTS
Biological Classifications
[Limping Dreadfully,] King Phillip Came Over From Great Spain
L D K P C O F G S
[Life, Domain,] Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species.
Arthropod classes have:
- body made of segments - grouped or fused together.
- legs, antennae, and other appendages attached in pairs.
- a hard or tough external covering with some pliable, or soft parts called an exoskeleton.
Arachnida
spiders, mites, scorpions, daddy long legs and others. usually have mouthparts with two prominent structures that end in a needlelike piercing tip. Four pairs of legs and two body regions.
Crustacea
millipedes. many-segmented and wormlike. cylindrical with short antennae and two pairs of legs per segment.
Chilopoda
centipedes. many-segmented and wormlike, but they may appear flattened, with exception of the house centipede. have one pair of legs per segment and antennae and hind legs are long.
Insecta
three body regions: head, thorax, and abdomen. Usually two kinds of eyes: compound and simple on the front of the head. Simple eyes perceive rapid changes in light for alarm reactions. 3 pairs of legs.
Spiracles
insects breathe through spiracles and not through their mouths.
scientific names
consist of two words. the first word is the genus name (first letter always capital), second word is the species (lower case).
Gradual Metamorphosis
cockroaches, crickets, grasshoppers, boxelder bugs, earwigs, etc. three distinct stages: egg, nymph (with several instars), and adult. Nymphs do not have wings, though often found with adults, eating the same food.
Complete Metamorphosis
beetles, moths, butterflies, flies, fleas, ants, bees, and wasps. four stages: egg, larva, pupa, and adult.
Simple Metamorphosis
springtails and silverfish. makes no drastic change in form and shape. Just gets bigger by molting.
Instars
period of time between insect molts.
German Cockroach
1/2 inch long. light brown with 2 black stripes on the areas behind the head (pronotum). Reproduce 30-40 eggs every 3-4 weeks. Female can lay 4-8 capsules in lifetime.
Aggregation pheromone
aggregation of roaches is held together by this short range oder.
American Cockroach
up to 2 inches long. Reddish brown. Pronotum is ringed by an irregular light color that is almost yellow. Reproduce every 45-50 days. 14-16 eggs per capsule. Can live for more than a year.
Brown-banded cockroach
Similar to German Roach, but never has the two stripes behind the pronotum. Light band behind the pronotum.
Oriental Cockroach
intermediate size. much darker than the others. Produces only 1 generation of roaches per year - seasonal. Do not fly.
Ants
Workers, male reproductives, and female reproductives (Queen). Males are smaller, winged ants. Once inseminated, queen ants can produce eggs for life. Males mate and die within 2 weeks. Queens may live many years.
Ant colonies
development is very slow. nests are inconspicuous for several months until a large population of worker ants is produced. colonies contain tens of thousands of workers.
Field Ants
most common. dark brown or black and medium size. do not nest indoors.
Cornfield Ants
small (less than 1/8 inch) and brown or black. make nests in fields and moist, rotting wood.
Harvester Ants
large (1/6 - 1/3 inch) and red or dark brown. gather seeds. rarely enter homes. can sting.
Pavement Ants
most common in homes. small with dark body.
Pharaoh Ants
Small and yellow or pale reddish-brown. mostly found indoors. serious pest in dormitories, hospitals, and apartments. very persistent and difficult to treat for.
Thief Ants
small and easily confused with pharaoh ants. nest indoors, often in the nest with larger ants. will kill and eat the larvae of other ants.
Blow Fly
fairly large, metallic green, gray, blue, or black flies found throughout colorado. more common than the housefly.