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Colorado Department of Agriculture > General > Flashcards

General Flashcards

1
Q

what government agency regulates pesticides?

A

EPA

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2
Q

a person who uses or supervises the use of RUPs in the production of agricultural commodities on land owned or rented by him/her or his/her employer.

A

private applicator

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3
Q

any person who engages in the business of applying pesticides or operating a device for hire.

A

commercial applicator

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4
Q

state lead agency

A

colorado EPA approved program

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5
Q

FIFRA

A

federal insecticide, fungicide, and rodenticide act

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6
Q

labels only valid in the state they are issued

A

24a

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7
Q

emergency exemptions

A

section 18

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8
Q

minimum risk pesticides

A

25b

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9
Q

maximum residue limit

A

tolerance

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10
Q

governs the establishment of pesticide tolerances for food and feed products

A

FFDCA (Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act)

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11
Q

WPS

A

worker protection standard

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12
Q

Danger-Poison

A

very toxic from oral, dermal, or inhalation exposure, and can be fatal or cause irreversible eye damage.

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13
Q

Danger

A

highly toxic

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14
Q

Warning

A

moderately likely to cause issues

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15
Q

Caution

A

slightly toxic or relatively nontoxic.

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16
Q

avicides

A

control bird pests

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17
Q

bactericides

A

control bacteria

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18
Q

disinfectants

A

control microorganisms

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19
Q

fungicides

A

control fungi

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20
Q

herbicides

A

control weeds or undesirable plants

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21
Q

insecticides

A

control insects and related arthropods

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22
Q

defoliants

A

cause leaves of foliage to drop from plants

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23
Q

desiccants

A

promote drying or loss of moisture from plant tissues

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24
Q

growth regulators

A

alter the growth or development of plant or animal

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25
Q

molluscicides

A

control slugs or snails

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26
Q

nematicides

A

control nematodes

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27
Q

miticides

A

control mites and ticks

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28
Q

piscicides

A

control fish

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29
Q

predacides

A

control predatory vertebrates

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30
Q

repellents

A

repel insects, related invertebrates, birds, and mammals

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31
Q

rodenticides

A

control rodents (rats and mice)

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32
Q

wood preservatives

A

protect wood from decay and stain fungi, insects, and other wood destroying organisms

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33
Q

mode of action

A

the way pesticides affect and enter pests

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34
Q

inorganic

A

do not contain carbon and are usually derived from mineral ores extracted from the earth.

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35
Q

organic

A

contain carbon in their chemical structure. usually created by combining chemical compounds, but few are extracted from plant material and are called BOTANICALS.

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36
Q

botanicals

A

organic pesticides that are extracted from plant material.

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37
Q

contact pesticides

A

only kill parts of the organism they physically come in the contact with

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38
Q

systemic pesticides

A

move from the site of application to another site within the plant or animal where they become effective

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39
Q

stomach poison

A

has to be eaten

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40
Q

broad spectrum

A

control many species

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41
Q

selective pesticides

A

only workon certain species

42
Q

pre planting

A

applying the pesticide before planting

43
Q

pre emergence

A

applying the pesticide before the seedlings come up

44
Q

post emergence

A

applying the pesticide after the seedlings come up

45
Q

residual herbicides

A

nonselective herbicides applied to soil. control growing plants and prevent growth of new plants for as long as the compound remains active, often several years.

46
Q

foliar applied

A

applied to plant leaves, stems, and branches either contact or systemic

47
Q

soil applied

A

applied to the soil. some are taken up by roots and translocated inside of the plant. others kill seedlings by contact with young shoots or leaves as they break through the soil

48
Q

protectant fungicides

A

prevent fungal infections. retard fungal growth or prevent the organisms from entering treated plants. they must be used before the fungi reach the infection stage.

49
Q

eradicant fungicides

A

destroy fungi that have already invaded plants and begun to damage plant tissues. they inhibit metabolic processes of growing fungal organisms.

50
Q

3 types of formulation

A

solids, liquids, and gases

51
Q

B

A

bait

52
Q

DF

A

dry flowable

53
Q

WDG

A

water dispersible granule

54
Q

D

A

dust

55
Q

G

A

Granular

56
Q

P or PS

A

pellet

57
Q

SP or S

A

soluble powder

58
Q

WP or W

A

wettable powder

59
Q

A

A

Aerosol

60
Q

EW

A

Concentrated emulsion

61
Q

EC or E

A

emulsifiable concentrate

62
Q

F

A

flowable

63
Q

SC

A

suspension concentrate

64
Q

L

A

true liquid

65
Q

ULV

A

ultra low volume concentrates

66
Q

WSP

A

water soluble packets

67
Q

adjuvants

A

added ingredients that increase the effectiveness of the active ingredient and make application easier.

68
Q

acidifier

A

used to lower the pH

69
Q

efficacy

A

the capacity to produce an effect

70
Q

activator

A

increases the biological efficacy of pesticides

71
Q

antifoaming agent

A

eliminates or suppresses foam in spray tank

72
Q

buffer

A

causes solution to resist change in pH

73
Q

drift control agent

A

used in liquid spray mixtures to reduce drift

74
Q

penetrant

A

enhances pesticides’ ability to enter substrate or penetrate surface

75
Q

wetting agent

A

increases area that spray droplet with cover

76
Q

sticker

A

increases area that spray droplet will cover and ability of pesticide to stick to treated plant surface

77
Q

surfactants

A

change surface tension of spray solution

78
Q

phytotoxicity

A

injury to plants

79
Q

leaching

A

movement of pesticides through the soil as opposed to movement over the surface.

80
Q

adsorption

A

The accumulation of gases, liquids, or solutes on the surface of a solid or liquid.

81
Q

volatility

A

when a pesticide turns into gas or vapor

82
Q

solubility

A

pesticides that dissolve easily in water

83
Q

biological control

A

the use of living organisms to reduce pest populations

84
Q

host

A

the animal or plant on which or in which another organism resides.

85
Q

Four main groups of pests

A

insects, vertebrates, weeds, disease agents or pathogens

86
Q

insects

A

insects, mites, ticks spiders, snails, and slugs

87
Q

vertebrates

A

birds, reptiles, amphibians, fish, and rodents

88
Q

weeds

A

undesirable plants

89
Q

disease agents or pathogens

A

bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes, mycoplasmas

90
Q

KPCOFGS

A 
Keep = Kingdom 
Pond = Phylum 
Clean = Class 
Or = Order 
Froggy = Family 
Gets = Genus 
Sick = species
91
Q

acute toxicity

A

immediate

92
Q

chronic toxicity

A

over a long period of time

93
Q

LD 50

A

lethal dose

94
Q

LC 50

A

lethal concentration

95
Q

ocular exposure

A

penetration of pesticides through the eyes

96
Q

dermal exposure

A

absorption through the skin

97
Q

oral exposure

A

absorption through the mouth and stomach

98
Q

inhalation exposure

A

absorption through the lungs

99
Q

GPA

A

gallons per acre

100
Q

88 ft/min

A

1 mph

Colorado Department of Agriculture (5 decks)

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