Research Methods Part 3

Question 1

Descriptive statistics

Answer 1

Measures of central tendency -mean median mode .
Measures of dispersion
-range and standard deviation .

Question 2

Displaying quantitative data

Answer 2

Bar chart - separate categories , gaps between bars .
Histogram - continuous data , no gaps .
Scattergram - 2 Co variables to see correlation .

Question 3

Distributions

Answer 3

Normal - bell shape - mean median and mode in middle .
Positive skew - lots of low scores , mode at top then median then mean down slope.
Negative skew - lots of high scores , mode at top then median then mean down slope .

Question 4

Levels of measurement

Answer 4

Nominal - named categories e.g iced not iced no order .
Ordinal - order personal opinion fav to least fav .
Interval - scientific measurement e.g height , weight .

Question 5

Inferential statistics
Choosing a test

Answer 5

1.is it a difference or correlation (relationship.)

2.what level of measurement .

3.unrelated (independent groups ) or related (repeated measures.)

Question 6

Acronym for choosing a test .

Answer 6

Simon ( sign test ) Cowel ( chi-squared ) wants ( Wilcoxon ) more ( Mann - Whitney ) singers ( spearman’s Rho ) receiving ( related t test ) unanimous ( unrelated t test ) praise ( pearsons r .)

Question 7

Significance

Answer 7

The risk results are due to chance
Psychology level 0.05 - 5% due to chance .

Question 8

Sign test

Answer 8

1. Minus one column from the other and put + or - .
2. Add up all + - and the least frequent = calculated s value .
3. Compare calculated to critical .

Question 9

Type 1 be type 2 errors

Answer 9

1. False post it I’ve man told pregnant = higher significance level more relaxed more likely to make type 1 error .
2. False negative telling pregnant lady she’s not pregnant = lower significance level .

Question 10

Content analysis

Answer 10

Qualitiative into quantitate , read content create coding units and create tally .

Question 11

Thematic

Answer 11

Find reoccurring themes
Simplifies data down

Question 12

Sections of a report

Answer 12

1. Abstract - short summery of report .
2. Intro - explaining why research is being done .
3. Method - design , participants , sampling method , ethics .
4. Results - bar chat ?
5. Discussion - what went well , limitations .
6. References - who , when , what , where .